在用Ad26.COV2.S接种COVID-19疫苗后,B细胞体质突变
Catherine Jacob-Dolan1,2,3,4, Michelle Lifton1, Olivia C Powers1
1Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
iScience
|April 24, 2024
概括
Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19 疫苗产生持久的中和抗体,这些抗体随着时间的推移对变种有所改善. 这种增强的抗体反应是由B细胞体质突变和亲和成熟驱动的.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 自2021年以来,世界卫生组织推的Ad26.COV2.S疫苗已被广泛使用.
- 之前的研究表明Ad26.COV2.S会产生持久的中和抗体 (NAbs),变种覆盖率会增加.
- 这些反应在没有额外的增强或感染的情况下得到维持.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究Ad26.COV2.S疫苗接种后的幽默性免疫反应.
- 分析中和抗体宽度和针对SARS-CoV-2变体的强度的演变.
- 探索B细胞成熟对疫苗长期有效性的作用.
主要方法:
- 对Ad26.COV2.S 1/2a期试验参与者的血清样本进行分析.
- 对抗SARS-CoV-2变种的中和抗体反应的测量.
- 在Spike特异性B细胞的抗体VDJ区域中对体质突变的评估.
- 从接种疫苗的个体中获得的单克隆抗体 (mAbs) 的表征.
主要成果:
- 血清NAb对比Beta和Delta等变体的反应在接种疫苗后的8个月内增加.
- 在重和轻抗体链的VDJ区域观察到体质突变的增加.
- 高度突变的mAbs与较少突变的mAbs相比,对SARS-CoV-2变种进行了更广泛的中和.
结论:
- 在Ad26.COV2.S疫苗诱导中和抗体宽度持续增加.
- 亲和力成熟,由增加的体质突变证明,是推动这种增强的NAb覆盖范围的可能机制.
- 这些发现凸显了Ad26.COV2.S疫苗接种后长期免疫记忆发展的潜力.
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