巴西结核病复发的时间和相关因素:基于人口的回顾性队列研究,使用链接的数据库数据库
Daniele Maria Pelissari1, Lucas Vinícius de Lima2, Gabriel Pavinati2
1Ministério da Saúde, Coordenação-Geral de Vigilância da Tuberculose, Endemic Mycoses and Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria - Brasília (DF), Brazil.
概括
在巴西,结核病复发率很高,在6.5年内影响6.5%的患者. 关键因素包括男性性别,年龄,种族和社会决定因素,突显了针对性干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 流行病学和公共卫生.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 社会医学 社会医学
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是一个重大的全球卫生挑战,其复发对疾病控制工作构成威胁.
- 了解复发模式对于制定有效的策略来打击结核病传播和减少疾病负担至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定巴西结核病复发的发病率.
- 估计TB复发的中位时间.
- 确定与巴西人口中结核病复发相关的人口,临床和社会因素.
主要方法:
- 这是一项回顾性队列研究,利用可通报疾病信息系统 (SINAN) 的链接数据.
- 纳入标准:2015年被诊断患有结核病的个人,分析重点是6.5年的随访期内首次复发.
- 统计分析包括相对风险 (RR) 和人口归因分数 (PAF) /人口可预防分数 (PPF) 的计算.
主要成果:
- 总共有3,253人 (6.5%) 在6.5年内出现结核病复发,平均时间为2.2年.
- 与复发积极相关的因素:男性性别,30-59岁,黑人和混合种族,监禁,肺结核/混合结核病形式,艾滋病毒诊断和酒精使用.
- 与复发负面相关的因素:高等教育 (≥12年) 和监督治疗.
结论:
- 巴西面临着巨大的结核病复发负担,受社会人口学,临床和社会因素的复杂相互作用的影响.
- 鉴定由于男性性别,特定年龄组,种族,社会贫困和并发症等因素而面临更高风险的个体至关重要.
- 针对这些风险因素的干预措施,以及促进监督治疗和教育,对于降低结核病复发率至关重要.
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