大型血统网络揭示了阿瓦尔人的社会习惯
Guido Alberto Gnecchi-Ruscone1, Zsófia Rácz2, Levente Samu2
1Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. guido_gnecchi@eva.mpg.de.
Nature
|April 24, 2024
概括
古老的DNA揭示了欧亚草原阿瓦尔时期在卡尔巴特盆地定居者的严格父系亲属关系和女性外婚关系. 通过女性外婚维持社会凝聚力,有社区替代的证据.
科学领域:
- 古遗传学
- 古遗传学
- 社会人类学
背景情况:
- 阿瓦尔时期 (公元567-568年以后) 欧亚草原人口在卡尔巴特盆地定居了约250年.
- 了解它们的基因组结构,亲属关系和社会实践需要对遗传,同位素,考古和历史数据进行综合分析.
研究的目的:
- 用古代DNA重建详细的血统并分析阿瓦尔时期社区的亲属关系和社会习惯.
- 研究女性外婚在社区之间保持社会凝聚力的作用.
- 检测遗传不连续性及其与考古和历史事件的相关性.
主要方法:
- 进行广泛的古遗传学采样 (424个) 和同位素分析.
- 使用古代DNA重建跨越9代 (约300个个体) 的大型血统.
- 网络分析的身份由后裔 (IBD) DNA连接.
主要成果:
- 基因组结构,亲属关系和社会实践的详细描述,包括严格的父系系统,父系局部和女性外妻制.
- 识别共同的多种繁殖伙伴关系和合关系,没有血缘关系的证据.
- 在一个地点检测出遗传不连续性,与社区的替代和地方政治调整有关,与考古学变化并行.
结论:
- 卡尔巴特盆地的阿瓦尔时期社会表现出复杂的亲属关系体系,具有强烈的父系和外妻关系.
- 女性外婚在社区间的社会凝聚力中起到了至关重要的作用.
- 基因分析可以揭示细度人口动态,包括社区替代事件,即使没有重大祖先转移.
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