在地震中化学物质释放风险评估:Natech事件情景
Parvin Shafiei-Moghaddam1, Katayoun Jahangiri2, Nemat Hassani3
1Rescue and Relief and Disaster Management Department, Iran Helal Institute of Applied Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Heliyon
|April 25, 2024
概括
这项研究评估了炼油厂的自然危险触发技术 (Natech) 事件风险,确定大地震后有毒硫化 (H2S) 气体释放的可能性很高. 建议侧重于降低风险的策略和公共安全措施.
科学领域:
- 环境科学与工程环境科学与工程
- 风险评估和风险管理
- 地震工程的工程是地震工程.
背景情况:
- 越来越多的自然灾害导致越来越多的Natech事件,造成重大风险.
- 由自然灾害引发的技术事故需要专门的风险评估.
- 处理硫化 (H2S) 等有毒物质的炼油厂容易受到地震引起的Natech事件的影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估地震后从炼油厂释放化学物质,特别是有毒H2S气体的风险.
- 识别潜在的地震场景及其相关的风险.
- 为确定优先考虑风险减缓工作的参考情景.
主要方法:
- 使用Rapid-N软件进行了半定量Natech风险评估.
- 根据德黑兰五个主要断层建模了潜在的地震场景.
- 澳大利亚SMUG模型被用来建立一个精确的优先级参考场景.
主要成果:
- 确定了40种可能的地震风险场景,里克斯特级地震的强度高达7.5级.
- 南射线断层 (HSR-1) 被确定为参考场景,其震级为7.5级,焦点深度为5公里.
- 在大气稳定条件下,在6.59公里半径内释放H2S气体是被确定的最高风险.
结论:
- 建议包括立法降低风险,搬迁危险行业,加强机构间协调.
- 加强风险沟通,实施预警系统和公众教育对于Natech事件准备至关重要.
- 评估Natech事件的风险和后果对于制定有效的安全和应对策略至关重要.
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