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针对PD-1/PD-L-1免疫检查点抑制用于癌症免疫疗法:成功与挑战
Sadique A Javed1, Asim Najmi1, Waquar Ahsan1
1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Frontiers in immunology
|April 25, 2024
概括
小分子抑制剂 (SMIs) 为阻止癌症免疫疗法中编程死亡-1 (PD-1) 和编程死亡-联体-1 (PD-L-1) 相互作用提供了单克隆抗体 (mAbs) 的有希望的替代品,解决了当前治疗方法的局限性.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 药用化学 医学化学
背景情况:
- 编程死亡-1 (PD-1) 受体及其连接体 (PD-L-1) 途径通过抑制瘤微环境中的T细胞功能来抑制抗瘤免疫力.
- 针对PD-1/PD-L-1的单克隆抗体 (mAbs) 在癌症免疫治疗中取得了成功,但面临的局限性包括患者反应不佳,瘤透率低,成本高以及与免疫相关的副作用.
研究的目的:
- 对针对PD-1/PD-L-1轴的mAbs和小分子抑制剂 (SMIs) 在癌症治疗中的发展进行审查.
- 突出SMI与mAbs的优势,并讨论它们作为新型癌症免疫治疗剂的潜力.
主要方法:
- 对PD-1/PD-L-1抑制剂的现有文献进行分析,重点关注单克隆抗体和小分子抑制剂.
- 探索用于中小企业发展的结构性支架,特别是基于二的支架.
主要成果:
- 小分子抑制剂 (SMIs) 显示出与mAbs相比的潜在优势,包括更长的半衰期,更低的生产成本,增强的细胞透率和口服的可行性.
- 针对PD-1/PD-L-1轴的几个中小企业目前正在为癌症免疫疗法开发管道中.
结论:
- 通过克服与当前基于mAb的免疫疗法相关的局限性,SMI代表了有希望的下一代癌症治疗药物.
- 本综述为药物化学家开发有效的PD-1/PD-L-1抑制剂提供了对结构性支架的见解.
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