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相关概念视频

Random Sampling Method01:09

Random Sampling Method

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest. Among the various sampling methods used by...
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Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error00:59

Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error

681
An experiment often consists of more than a single step. In this case, measurements at each step give rise to uncertainty. Because the measurements occur in successive steps, the uncertainty in one step necessarily contributes to that in the subsequent step. As we perform statistical analysis on these types of experiments, we must learn to account for the propagation of uncertainty from one step to the next. The propagation of uncertainty depends on the type of arithmetic operation performed on...
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Group Design02:01

Group Design

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The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
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Uncertainty: Overview00:59

Uncertainty: Overview

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In analytical chemistry, we often perform repetitive measurements to detect and minimize inaccuracies caused by both determinate and indeterminate errors. Despite the cares we take, the presence of random errors means that repeated measurements almost never have exactly the same magnitude. The collective difference between these measurements - observed values - and the estimated or expected value is called uncertainty. Uncertainty is conventionally written after the estimated or expected value.
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Convenience Sampling Method00:55

Convenience Sampling Method

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population.
Convenience sampling is a non-random method of sample selection; this method selects individuals that are easily accessible and may result in biased data. For example, a marketing...
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Sampling Plans01:23

Sampling Plans

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Sampling is a crucial step in analytical chemistry, allowing researchers to collect representative data from a large population. Common sampling methods include random, judgmental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling.
Random sampling is a method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. It involves selecting individuals randomly, often using random number generators or lottery-type methods. For example, when analyzing the properties of a...
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Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Experimental Research Examining How People Can Cope with Uncertainty Through Soft Haptic Sensations
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儿童的主观不确定性驱动的采样行为.

Martina de Eccher1,2, Roger Mundry2,3,4, Nivedita Mani1,2

  • 1Psychology of Language Department, University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany.

Royal Society open science
|April 25, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

儿童和成年人对知识差距都很敏感. 年长的孩子和成年人积极寻找信息来填补这些空白,但这种积极的学习并不总是改善记忆力.

关键词:
积极学习是积极学习.跨情境的单词学习.信息搜索行为寻找信息的行为.存在的知识差距和知识缺口.采样采样 采样采样减少不确定性减少不确定性

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科学领域:

  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 发展心理学 发展心理学
  • 学习科学 学习科学

背景情况:

  • 个人往往意识到自己的知识缺口.
  • 积极学习策略可以增强信息获取.

研究的目的:

  • 调查不同年龄组对知识差距的敏感性.
  • 确定个人是否积极寻求信息以解决不确定性.
  • 检查不确定性驱动的抽样对学习的影响.

主要方法:

  • 采用了跨局势的单词学习任务.
  • 参与者 (5岁,6-9岁,成年人) 估计了词对象关联的知识.
  • 分析了具有已知和未知标签的对象的采样行为.

主要成果:

  • 所有年龄组都表现出对知识差距的敏感性.
  • 6-9岁的孩子和成年人,与5岁的孩子不同,更喜欢采样标签不明的物体.
  • 增加不确定性驱动的采样与改善的测试准确性没有相关性.

结论:

  • 对知识差距的敏感性存在于所有测试年龄组.
  • 试图减少不确定性的积极信息出现在老年儿童和成年人身上.
  • 不确定性在推动老年儿童和成人的积极学习行为中起着关键作用.