检查社区生活中嗅觉功能障碍和脆弱之间的纵向关系,美国老年成年人
Esther Wang1, Kristen E Wroblewski2, Martha K McClintock3
1Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
概括
嗅觉功能障碍,特别是厌氧 (完全失去嗅觉),预测老年人5年后的脆弱性. 这表明嗅觉丧失可能表明潜在的神经退行性疾病导致脆弱.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物标志物 生物标志物
背景情况:
- 嗅觉功能障碍是衰老和神经退行性疾病的早期指标.
- 虚弱是老年人的一个重大问题,影响健康和独立.
研究的目的:
- 调查美国社区居住的老年人的嗅觉功能障碍作为早期脆弱的潜在生物标志物.
- 评估嗅觉功能障碍与脆弱的发展或进展之间的纵向关联.
主要方法:
- 一项前性的纵向研究,使用来自国家社会生活,健康和衰老项目 (NSHAP) 的数据.
- 美国有1061名年长的成年人在基线和5年随访期间进行了气味识别 (嗅探棒测试) 和脆弱性评估.
- 进行多变量逻辑回归分析以评估关联,并根据基线混因素进行调整.
主要成果:
- 在基线时患有厌氧症的老年人在5年随访时显著更容易变得脆弱 (OR:3.83).
- 在5年的时间里,无神体的个体也更有可能从前脆弱转变为脆弱 (OR: 3.25).
- 缺血症 (部分嗅觉丧失) 与随着时间的推移增加的脆弱性没有显著关联.
结论:
- 老年人的无神体是五年内发展脆弱的重要预测因素,特别是那些已经处于脆弱前阶段的人.
- 嗅觉功能障碍,特别是厌氧症,可能成为神经退行性疾病与脆弱性相关的早期代用标记物.
- 这些发现凸显了嗅觉评估在识别有脆弱风险的老年人方面的潜力.
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