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是否detrusor过度活跃与detrusor低活跃性仅限于老年人?
Jaraspong Vuthiwong1,2, Liang G Qu2,3, Stewart Whalen2
1Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
目的:
逼尿肌过度活跃合并逼尿肌活动不足(DO-DU)传统上见于体弱、长期住院的老年患者,但我们在较年轻人群中也观察到该诊断。本研究旨在识别两组不同年龄阶段DO-DU患者之间的差异。
材料与方法:
本研究纳入了2012年至2023年期间来自单一中心的DO-DU患者。患者被分为两组:“年轻”组(年龄小于70岁)和“老年”组(年龄70岁及以上)。我们按性别分别比较了这两组患者的人口学特征、影响膀胱功能的危险因素数量、临床表现以及尿动力学检查结果。
结果:
共有210名患者被纳入分析,其中48.48%属于年轻组,49.52%属于老年组。年轻组中男性和女性的中位年龄分别为57岁和62岁,而老年组中男性和女性的中位年龄分别为76.5岁和76岁。多发性硬化在年轻患者中具有统计学显著性的更高患病率(男性:7.7% vs. 0%,p = 0.03;女性:19.9% vs. 4.6%)。尽管糖尿病(DM)在老年男性中更常见(20.0% vs. 4.6%,p = 0.01),经腹子宫切除术在年轻女性中更为普遍(46.3% vs. 25%,p = 0.04)。年轻组中有69.8%、老年组中有71.2%的患者至少存在一种影响膀胱功能的风险因素。两组在各类风险因素之间未见统计学显著差异。老年男性报告尿急(78.3% vs. 58.5%,p = 0.02)和急迫性尿失禁(61.7% vs. 32.3%,p < 0.01)的发生率更高,而年轻女性在病史中报告排尿时费力的发生率更高(46.3% vs. 20.5%,p = 0.01)。年轻男性表现出更强排尿欲望时的膀胱容量更大(385 vs. 300 mL,p = 0.01)、最大膀胱测压容量更高(410 vs. 300 mL,p < 0.01),以及最低的逼尿肌过度活动(DO)最高压力(37 vs. 50.5 cmH₂O,p = 0.02)。2O,p = 0.02)。年轻组的残余尿量较高(男性为170 vs. 85 mL,p < 0.01;女性为180 vs. 120 mL,p = 0.02)。年轻女性的排尿效率较低(40% vs. 60%,p = 0.02)。在两个年龄组中,ICS逼尿肌收缩指数和预测的等容压力1均相似。然而,在不考虑危险因素的情况下,老年男性的逼尿肌过度活动(DO)压力最高(57 vs. 29 cmH₂O)。2O,p < 0.01),且年轻男性的排尿压(PdetQmax)高于老年男性(28 对 20 cmH₂O)。2O,p = 0.02)。
结论:
DO-DU 并非仅见于老年患者,也可在具有风险因素的任何年龄段个体中诊断;因此,临床医生需保持高度怀疑,尤其是在具有 DO 和 DU 风险因素的患者中。一个显著的临床鉴别点是,被诊断为 DO-DU 的老年男性更常出现尿急和急迫性尿失禁,而年轻女性则更常表现为排尿费力。
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