自闭症和神经类型青少年青春期和青春期的性别多样性:一项纵向研究
Blythe A Corbett1,2,3, Rachael A Muscatello1,2, Melissa Cyperski1
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
概括
自闭症青少年的性别多样性,特别是那些出生时被分配为女性的青少年,在整个青春期和青春期都在演变. 这项纵向研究突出了由发展因素影响的性别认同发展的动态变化.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 越来越多地与多样化的性别认同有关.
- 青春期是性别认同发展的关键时期.
- 了解青春期自闭症青少年的性别多样性稳定性是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 纵向研究自闭症和典型发育 (TD) 青少年的性别多样性的一致性.
- 研究如何诊断 (ASD与TD),分配性别和青春期发育影响性别多样性轨迹.
- 在四年内分析自我和父母报告的性别多样性.
主要方法:
- 这是一项为期四年的纵向研究,对140名患有自闭症的青少年和104名患有自闭症的青少年进行了纵向研究.
- 使用性别多样性查问卷 (GDSQ-S用于自我报告,GDSQ-P用于家长报告).
- 分析了基于诊断,出生时分配的性别 (ASAB),年龄和青春期状态的数据.
主要成果:
- 由ASAB根据自我报告的性别多样性 (GDSQ-S) 的年龄相互作用进行显著的诊断.
- 自闭症青年在出生时被分配为女性 (AFAB) 在整个青春期显示出更高的性别多样性得分.
- 父母报告的性别不一致性 (GDSQ-P) 不同,自闭症AFAB显示最初的高不一致性在青春期发生变化,而TD AFAB显示相反的趋势. 青少年出生时被分配为男性 (AMAB) 的趋势稳定.
结论:
- 性别多样性的经验是动态的,受发展阶段,青春期的变化和自闭症青少年出生时分配的性别的影响.
- 性别认同的形成是复杂的,在青春期可能受到荷尔蒙和心理社会因素的影响.
- 需要对AFAB个体的性别多样性有细微的理解,特别是那些患有自闭症的人.
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