信任来自朋友的信息:成年人期待,但学龄前儿童不
Narges Afshordi1, Pearl Han Li2, Melissa Koenig1
1Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota.
Developmental psychology
|April 25, 2024
概括
在评估信任时,学龄前儿童优先考虑准确性而不是友,与期望社交联系影响判断的成年人不同. 小孩子不会预料到别人会优先考虑友而不是事实可靠性.
科学领域:
- 认知发展 认知发展
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 认识论的认识论学.
背景情况:
- 成年人了解对信仰的社会影响,但它在多大程度上取代了对不可靠性的直接证据是不清楚的.
- 研究还没有充分探讨小孩子是否期望友偏向信任判断,而不是准确性.
研究的目的:
- 调查学龄前儿童和成年人是否认为友会影响信任判断,可能会超过准确性.
- 检查在信息评估中预期社会偏见的发展差异.
主要方法:
- 进行了三项实验,涉及学龄前儿童和成年人观察主角,她的朋友和一个陌生人之间的互动.
- 参与者判断谁可以从主角的角度 (第三人称) 和他们自己的角度 (第一人称) 获得信息.
主要成果:
- 成年人期望主角相信她的朋友,即使不准确,同时优先准确性为自己的判断.
- 学前儿童 (4-5岁) 认为主角将优先考虑准确性,类似于他们自己的判断.
- 学前儿童期望主角相信一个不准确的朋友和一个准确的陌生人同样对个人意见.
结论:
- 小孩子们不期望别人的认识体系信任将友放在准确性之上.
- 在理解社会关系如何影响信任和信息处理方面存在发育差异.
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