性别和文化差异在幼儿互惠的发展
Avi Benozio1, Bailey R House2, Michael Tomasello3
1Department of Psychology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
Developmental psychology
|April 25, 2024
概括
孩子 孩子 孩子 孩子
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 互惠是人类合作的一个关键机制.
- 在社交互动中,区分反应性和非反应性反应是复杂的.
- 了解合作行为中性别差异的起源至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童互惠的性别差异.
- 在昂贵的相互作用中区分反应和非反应反应.
- 检查这些行为发展轨迹和文化变异.
主要方法:
- 三项研究涉及与同行进行连续,一次性和昂贵的互动.
- 参与者包括4至8岁的德国和以色列儿童.
- 基于资源分配模式,分析了行为反应.
主要成果:
- 男孩主要表现出非反应性 (自私) 的资源分配.
- 女孩主要表现出反应性 (实物) 资源分布.
- 互惠的性别差异在7岁时出现,在4岁时出现一些变化.
结论:
- 早期出现的两性互惠差异在孩子们的昂贵互动中很明显.
- 这些差异可能受到文化和社会发展因素的影响.
- 这些发现有助于理解合作和性别角色的进化基础.
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