概括
这项研究探讨了19世纪初精神病学中动物的治疗用法,揭示了动物隐喻如何转变为代表患者的顺从和挑战机构等级制度.
科学领域:
- 精神病学历史 精神病学历史
- 医学人文学科 医学人文学科
- 动物研究 动物研究
背景情况:
- 约克撤退 (1796-1813) 在治疗实践中使用非人类动物.
- 18和19世纪精神病学中的机构话语采用了人与动物的二元论.
- 了解患者的"顺从"与"无理"是精神病学理论的核心.
研究的目的:
- 分析约克撤退的非人类动物的治疗用途.
- 调查精神病学话语中动物性的不断演变的概念化.
- 探索患者的自我表达如何挑战心理健康护理中人与动物的分歧.
主要方法:
- 对约克撤退的机构记录进行分析.
- 检查精神病学背景下动物的比喻和字面用途.
- 密切阅读患者的诗歌,以评估自我表达和机构批评.
主要成果:
- 在机构话语中,动物的概念转移到意味着患者的顺从.
- 动物性概念的变化影响了医疗从业人员与患者语言的接触.
- 一位患者的诗歌颠覆了机构试图将个人归类为"人性动物"的企图.
结论:
- 在早期精神病学中,治疗动物的使用重新定义了患者的特征.
- 患者叙述,就像诗歌一样,可以挑战和批评精神病学分类.
- 人与动物的双元是维持制度控制和社会层次结构的关键机制.
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