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采样对于确定Leishmania (Viannia) 种类的确定至关重要

Maxy B De Los Santos¹, Steev Loyola², Erika S Perez-Velez³

¹Department of Parasitology, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTH (NAMRU SOUTH), Bellavista, Lima, Peru.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

|April 25, 2024

概括

兰塞特扫描是使用分子工具识别莱什马尼亚 (Viannia) 物种的最敏感的方法. 这种简单无痛的技术可以改善皮肤莱什曼病的诊断,特别是在资源有限的环境中.

科学领域:

寄生虫学的寄生虫学
分子生物学分子生物学
临床诊断临床诊断临床诊断

背景情况:

准确识别导致皮肤雷什曼病 (CL) 的寄生虫对于及时治疗至关重要.
通过聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 来检测Leishmania,最好采用非侵入性采样方法.
样本类型的变化可能导致假负结果,需要对采样技术进行比较.

研究的目的:

为了比较不同采样方法的灵敏度,用于分子识别Leishmania (Viannia) 物种.
通过复合参考标准和隐性类型模型评估分子工具的准确性.
用定量PCR评估不同样本类型中的寄生虫负载变化.

主要方法:

对穿孔活检,过纸印记和兰塞特扫描进行灵敏度的比较,用于Leishmania (Viannia) 种类的识别.
利用复合参考标准和隐性类型模型来评估分子分析的准确性.
使用定量PCR分析寄生虫负载和结果变化.

主要成果:

兰塞特扫描显示,通过基于PCR的测定来识别Leishmania (Viannia) 种类的灵敏度更高.
这种增加的敏感性在基因鉴定 (kinetoplastid DNA-PCR) 和物种鉴定 (基于FRET探针的嵌套实时PCR) 两方面都被观察到.
低寄生虫负载,以弱PCR电泳带表示,与缺乏物种识别相关.

结论:

临床样本类型对莱什马尼亚 (Viannia) 种类的检测和鉴定有重大影响.
兰塞特扫描始终发现了比过纸印记或活检更多的皮肤莱什曼病例.
兰塞特扫描是一种具有成本效益的,无痛的,易于实施的护理点方法,适合资源有限的设置.

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