从1999年到2020年,艾滋病毒感染者的死亡率趋势:一个多队列合作
Erich Tusch1, Lene Ryom1,2,3, Annegret Pelchen-Matthews4
1Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections (CHIP), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
概括
人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染者的死亡率从1999年到2009年大幅下降,然后稳定下来. 在D:A:D和RESPOND群体中观察到这种趋势,非艾滋病定义的恶性瘤成为更为突出的死亡原因.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 联合抗逆转录病毒疗法导致人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染者死亡率降低.
- 了解长期死亡率趋势对于管理艾滋病毒作为慢性疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查1999年至2020年艾滋病毒感染者全因和因特定死亡率的趋势.
- 分析二十年来死亡率模式的变化.
主要方法:
- 使用了来自D:A:D (1999-2015) 和RESPOND (2017-2020) 队列的数据.
- 计算了年龄标准化的死亡率,并使用了Poisson模型来评估时间趋势.
- 使用HIV系统中的死亡原因编码系统对死亡原因进行分类.
主要成果:
- 在1999年至2020年期间,观察到全因死亡率下降 (调整后死亡率比率[aMRR],每年0.97).
- 与艾滋病相关的死亡率在1999年至2009年期间最高,而非艾滋病定义恶性瘤 (NADM) 死亡率在2010年至2020年期间增加.
- 在2011-2020年间死亡率稳定 (aMRR,每年1.00).
结论:
- 艾滋病毒感染者的死亡率在1999年至2009年期间下降,并在2010年至2020年期间稳定.
- 观察到的死亡率下降不仅仅是由于免疫-病毒学状况改善或其他已知的风险因素.
- 非艾滋病定义的恶性瘤代表了当代艾滋病毒阳性人口中死亡的原因不断增加.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:10Retrovirus Life Cycles
45.9K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
45.9K
01:21Cancer Survival Analysis
345
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
345
01:20Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups
178
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
178
01:26Sexually Transmitted Infections
303
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
303
01:20Actuarial Approach
77
The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
77