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通过调整入口流强度来降低列车中的污染物分散和感染风险:基于流模拟的研究
Tiantian Wang1, Yaxin Zheng2, Yibin Lu3
1College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education, School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, Hunan, China.
The Science of the total environment
|April 25, 2024
概括
增加火车通风中的流强度 (TI) 显著改善了污染物的去除,并降低了乘客的空气传播感染风险. 更高的TI增强了空气流动的动态,这对于设计更安全的室内环境至关重要.
科学领域:
- 流体动力学 流体动力学
- 环境工程 环境工程
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 封闭空间的传统通风研究往往忽略了流波动,而是专注于平均进气速度.
- 入口流强度 (TI) 显著影响污染物在火车等环境中的分散.
- 了解这些影响对于减轻空气传播感染传播至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究入口流强度 (TI) 对列车中的污染物分散的影响.
- 在不同的TI条件下分析感染概率的变化.
- 为了比较用于捕获室内空气流动力学的数值模拟方法.
主要方法:
- 使用不稳定的雷诺兹-平均纳维尔-斯托克斯 (URANS) 和改进的延迟分离模拟 (IDDES) 方法进行数值模拟.
- 对模拟方法与现场空气流量测量的验证.
- 使用改进的概率模型评估感染风险.
主要成果:
- 与URANS相比,IDDES方法在捕捉空气流脉动方面表现出更高的准确性.
- 将TI从5%提高到30%,大大提高了污染物去除,去除指数从0.23上升到1.86.
- 总体感染风险下降了42% (从1.53%降至0.88%),局部感染风险下降了35% (从3.30%降至2.16%).
结论:
- 入口流强度是列车通风设计中的一个关键因素,用于污染物分散和感染风险减轻.
- 建议使用IDDES方法来准确模拟这种环境中的动态气流分布.
- 结果为优化通风参数提供了指导方针,特别是TI,以减少列车中的空气传播感染风险.
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