自闭症青少年和其他发育障碍青少年的抑郁症状和活动参与
Lisa D Wiggins1, Julie Daniels2, Katie Overwyk1
1Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Disability and health journal
|April 25, 2024
概括
自闭症或其他发育障碍 (DD) 的青少年经历了更高的抑郁率和较低的活动参与度. 运动参与与所有群体中抑郁症状的减少有关,这凸显了它对青少年心理健康的重要性.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 青少年精神病学 青少年精神病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 与没有DD的同龄人相比,自闭症成年人和发展障碍 (DD) 的人表现出更高的抑郁症状和减少的活动参与.
- 对自闭症或DD青少年的活动参与和抑郁症状的研究是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 与没有DD的同龄人相比,描述自闭症青少年和其他DD的抑郁症状和活动参与.
- 探索特定活动与抑郁症状之间的关系,按诊断组分层.
主要方法:
- 一项多地点病例控制研究跟踪了从幼儿时期 (2-5岁) 到青春期 (12-16岁) 的青少年.
- 家长调查收集了有关青少年诊断,抑郁症状 (诊断,药物或症状报告) 和参与有组织活动 (俱乐部,体育,社会,职业,志愿者) 的数据.
主要成果:
- 自闭症青少年 (31.9%) 和其他DD的青少年 (30.6%) 与没有DD的青少年 (15.0%) 相比,抑郁症状的发生率显著更高.
- 自闭症青少年的活动参与率最低,其次是其他DD的青少年,在对照组中最高.
- 在所有研究组中,参加体育运动与抑郁症状的可能性较低有关.
结论:
- 自闭症青少年和其他DD的青少年面临抑郁症状和活动参与度下降的高风险.
- 运动参与似乎是青少年心理健康的保护因素,无论残疾状况如何.
- 研究结果表明,这对针对青少年心理健康的公共卫生干预和教育计划有影响.
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