影响因素,性别差异和中国老年人认知功能不平等的分解:基于人口的队列研究
Ciran Yang1,2, Zongfu Mao1,2, Shaotang Wu1,2
1School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, 430071, Wuhan, China.
BMC geriatrics
|April 25, 2024
概括
中国老年人的认知功能 (CFCOA) 显示性别不平等,女性经历的比例更高,受婚姻状况和教育等因素的影响. 解决这些差异对于促进老龄人口的认知健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 关于中国老年人认知功能 (CFCOA) 和相关不平等 (ICFCOA) 的证据有限.
- 了解CFCOA和ICFCOA中的影响因素和性别差异对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定影响中国老年人CFCOA和ICFCOA的因素.
- 探索ICFCOA中的性别差异及其潜在原因.
- 分析各种因素对认知功能的异质影响及其不平等.
主要方法:
- 利用来自中国健康与退休长度研究 (2011-2015年) 的数据.
- 在因素评估中使用Employed recentered influence function无条件定量回归 (RIF-UQR) 和RIF-OLS.
- 应用分组治疗效果估计,Oaxaca-Blinder分解和倾向分数匹配 (PSM) 进行性别差异分析.
主要成果:
- 对于性别,年龄,BMI,健康状况,吸烟,教育,社交互动,体力活动和家庭登记,观察到对CFCOA的异质影响.
- 认知功能的不平等 (ICFCOA) 在老年女性中比男性高19.2-36.0%.
- 在ICFCOA中,性别差异主要是由于婚姻状况和教育程度的差异.
结论:
- 影响认知功能及其不平等的因素表现出异质性和性别特异性的影响.
- 婚姻状况和教育状况对ICFCOA的形成和恶化有很大影响.
- 迫切需要全面的政府和社会战略来加强CFCOA和减少ICFCOA,特别是考虑到人口老龄化和不断增长的认知衰退.
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