内分泌干扰化学物质:妊娠期糖尿病及其他疾病
Tridip Mitra1, Richa Gulati1, Krithika Ramachandran1
1Division of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, 603 203, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
Diabetology & metabolic syndrome
|April 25, 2024
概括
增加的内分泌干扰化学物质 (EDC) 暴露与通过表观遗传变化和代谢干扰增加妊娠糖尿病 (GDM) 有关. 胎儿早期接触EDC可能会导致长期健康问题和妊娠并发症.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
背景情况:
- 孕期糖尿病 (GDM) 的发病率正在全球上升,与肥胖率的增加相关.
- 内分泌干扰化学品 (EDC) 的广泛使用与不断升级的GDM率有关.
- EDCs与表观遗传修饰和关键代谢和激素途径的破坏有关.
研究的目的:
- 审查环境毒素,特别是EDCs对妊娠期间表观遗传变化和代谢疾病易感性的影响.
- 探索EDC暴露导致GDM和相关怀孕并发症的机制.
- 突出ExomiRs在早期GDM诊断和风险分层方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 文献综述侧重于研究EDC暴露,表观遗传变化和怀孕中的代谢干扰的研究.
- 分析受EDC暴露影响的信号通路,包括下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴.
- 检查EDC从母亲传给胎儿的转移及其跨代影响.
主要成果:
- 暴露于EDC会诱导表观遗传变化 (DNA甲基化,基因素乙化),影响葡萄糖代谢,胰岛素抵抗和β细胞功能,导致GDM.
- 持续的EDC暴露会促进脂肪生成,导致过度的妊娠体重增加.
- 母亲对胎儿的EDC转移会导致诸如子宫内生长限制 (IUGR) 等并发症,并增加婴儿对代谢疾病的易感性,并可能产生跨代影响.
结论:
- 像EDC这样的环境毒素是通过表观遗传机制对GDM和不良妊娠结果的重要贡献者.
- 胎儿早期接触EDC对孩子的健康有持久的后果,包括代谢和认知问题.
- 需要进一步的研究来开发针对EDC诱导的表观遗传变化的干预措施,并利用ExomiRs用于早期GDM检测.
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