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在与照顾相关的早期逆境之后,探测情感语义记忆的内容
Anna Vannucci1, Andrea Fields1, Paul A Bloom1
1Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Developmental science
|April 26, 2024
概括
早期的逆境塑造了孩子的记忆,使得不安全的依恋模式更容易发生. 后来安全的关系可以减轻这些负面的记忆效应,显示记忆的可塑性.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 附着理论 附着理论
背景情况:
- 认知科学认为,知识是从作为语义记忆存储的经验中构建的.
- 情感语义记忆是由人际情感经历塑造的.
- 早期的逆境,如虐待或忽视,可能会影响记忆的发展.
研究的目的:
- 测试与照顾相关的早期逆境 (crEA) 是否塑造了情感语义记忆.
- 调查儿童感知到的依恋安全是否影响这些记忆的内容.
- 检查crEA对情感语义记忆模式的长期影响.
主要方法:
- 一项预先注册的研究,涉及160名儿童 (6-12岁).
- 父母报告评估了crEA (虐待,忽视,分居) 的历史.
- 儿童报告测量了依恋安全性;一个虚假的记忆任务探测了情感语义记忆 (依恋模式) ~2.5年后.
主要成果:
- 与安全场景相比,暴露于crEA的儿童更容易错误地识别不安全的模式场景.
- 附加安全调节了crEA暴露和不安全的模式虚假识别之间的联系.
- 研究结果表明,情感语义模式反映了依恋经历,并且可以通过以后的积极关系来修改.
结论:
- 人际情感语义图表代表了亲子互动,并受到依恋质量的影响.
- 这些模式塑造了孩子们回忆有关依恋的事件的方式.
- 早期的逆境可能会导致更持久的不安全计划,但安全的关系可能会减轻这种影响,证明记忆的可塑性.
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