通过电荷传输和化学调制来控制非平面高面积容量电池阳极中的电极沉积
Tian Tang1, J X Kent Zheng2, Lynden A Archer3
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.
JACS Au
|April 26, 2024
概括
研究人员挑战了对高导电性3D电池阳极的传统使用. 它们表明,具有特定表面被动性的中等导电性基板能够有效地进行金属和剥离,提高电池循环寿命和能量密度.
科学领域:
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能
背景情况:
- 在金属电池中实现高能量密度需要在阳极进行可逆的/剥离反应.
- 高面积容量 (例如,10 mA h/cm2) 对电极可逆性和周期寿命构成挑战.
- 非平面的3D电极通常被认为通过托管电极沉积物来提高容量和可逆性.
研究的目的:
- 研究基板电导率在控制3D电池阳极中的电化学晶体生长中的作用.
- 挑战假设,3D基板中的高电导率是电极可逆性最佳的假设.
- 开发一个3D电极架构,最大限度地利用室内空间,提高/脱落效率.
主要方法:
- 用SiO2 (前面) 和Cu (后面) 涂覆的相互连接的碳纤维基板的制造.
- 使用 Zn 作为模型金属阳极的电化学和剥离实验.
- 在高电流密度和面积容量的电沉积体形态和可逆性的表征.
- 使用优化的3D电极测试全电池Zn下载NaV3O8电池.
主要成果:
- 具有中等电导性的基板和面向阴极的被动化表面有效地调节3D框架内的电结晶.
- 高电导率架构导致了主导的平面外生长,否定了3D结构的好处.
- 在10 mA/cm2和10 mA h/cm2面积容量下,实现了超过99.5%的/剥离可逆性.
- 在具有严格的阳极-阴极比率的全电池电池中证明了增长的循环寿命.
结论:
- 适度的电导率和特定的表面被动化对于3D电池阳极中有效的电沉积存储至关重要.
- 开发的3D电极架构可以为先进的电池应用提供高性能金属阳极.
- 这种方法克服了以前在高容量的高可逆性方面存在的局限性,为实际的高能电池铺平了道路.
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