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Acid Halides to Ketones: Gilman Reagent01:14

Acid Halides to Ketones: Gilman Reagent

2.8K
Lithium dialkyl cuprate, also known as Gilman reagents, selectively reduces acid halides to ketones. The acid chloride is treated with Gilman reagent at −78 °C in the presence of ether solution to produce a ketone in good yield.
As shown below, the mechanism proceeds in two steps. First, one of the alkyl groups of the reagent acts as a nucleophile and attacks the acyl carbon of the acid chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the reformation of the carbon–oxygen...
2.8K
Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions01:20

Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions

1.9K
Arenediazonium substitution reactions occur when the diazonium group is substituted by various functional groups such as halides, hydroxyl, nitrile, etc. For instance, arenediazonium salts react with copper(I) salts of chloride, bromide, or cyanide to form corresponding aryl chlorides, bromides, and nitriles. These reactions are named Sandmeyer reactions. Although the mechanism of this reaction is complicated, as illustrated in Figure 1, they are believed to progress via an aryl copper...
1.9K
[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement01:21

[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement

2.7K
The Cope rearrangement is classified as a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-dienes, leading to a more stable, isomeric 1,5-diene. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six electrons, four from two π bonds and two from a σ bond, via an energetically favorable chair-like transition state.
2.7K
Reduction of Alkynes to trans-Alkenes: Sodium in Liquid Ammonia02:10

Reduction of Alkynes to trans-Alkenes: Sodium in Liquid Ammonia

9.2K
Alkynes can be reduced to trans-alkenes using sodium or lithium in liquid ammonia. The reaction, known as dissolving metal reduction, proceeds with an anti addition of hydrogen across the carbon–carbon triple bond to form the trans product. Since ammonia exists as a gas (bp = −33°C) at room temperature, the reaction is carried out at low temperatures using a mixture of dry ice (sublimes at −78°C) and acetone. 
When dissolved in liquid ammonia, an alkali metal,...
9.2K
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

2.8K
Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
2.8K
Molecular Geometry and Dipole Moments02:36

Molecular Geometry and Dipole Moments

13.0K
The VSEPR theory can be used to determine the electron pair geometries and molecular structures as follows:
13.0K

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[{SiNDipp}MgNa]2:一个强大的分子减小剂.

Han-Ying Liu1, Samuel E Neale1, Michael S Hill1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.

Organometallics
|April 26, 2024
PubMed
概括

一种新型的双金属化合物[{SiNDipp}MgNa]2,作为各种基质的强大的还原剂. 它的金属中心可以合作或独立反应,影响反应结果和连接体行为.

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科学领域:

  • 有机金属化学 有机金属化学
  • 主群 化学 化学
  • 降解氧化化学 降解氧化化学

背景情况:

  • 双金属化合物由于多个金属中心的相互作用而具有独特的反应性.
  • 土金属复合物与重的配体被探索为新型的催化应用.
  • 了解异金属系统中的合作效应对于设计先进试剂至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了合成和描述双金属物种[{SiNDipp}MgNa]2.
  • 调查它对各种基板的降解能力.
  • 阐明机械路径,包括合作和独立的金属中心反应性.

主要方法:

  • 二金属复合物的合成和分离.
  • 氧化还原定位和与各种基质 (二氧化物,TEMPO,炭烯,二,二乙烯) 的反应.
  • 电子磁共振 (EPR) 光谱用于反应分析.
  • 用于产品表征的X射线晶体学.
  • 计算研究 (密度函数理论 - DFT) 调查反应机制.

主要成果:

  • 双金属化合物[{SiNDipp}MgNa]2表现出强大的还原能力,促进一个或两个电子的减少.
  • 反应表明和中心之间的合作行为,以及独立的反应性.
  • 分离[{SiNDipp}Mg[OCPh2) 2]突出了与O基基底的金属特异反应.
  • 计算分析揭示了Mg+ →Na+在二乙烯还原过程中胺基团迁移,解释了连接体可变性和宏循环化.

结论:

  • [{SiNDipp}MgNa]2 是一种具有可调节反应性的多功能和强大的降解剂.
  • 这项研究揭示了金属中心与SiNDipp配体之间的复杂相互作用,影响反应通路.
  • 对连接体可变性和宏循环化的洞察力,为双金属复杂行为提供了更深入的理解.