艾滋病毒感染者心血管疾病风险较高:系统性审查和元分析
San Zhu1,2, Wenjing Wang2, Jiaze He2
1West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
Journal of global health
|April 26, 2024
概括
与艾滋病毒阴性个体相比,携带艾滋病毒的人患心血管疾病的风险增加,如失脂症,冠状动脉疾病和心肌梗塞. 早期的抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 可能会降低这些风险.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 对艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 的预后和生活质量产生重大影响.
- 了解PLWH和HIV阴性个体之间心血管疾病的比较风险至关重要,但仍然定义不佳.
- 本系统性审查调查了与艾滋病毒感染相关的CVD风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和量化艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 与艾滋病毒阴性个体相比,患心血管疾病 (CVD) 的风险.
- 确定特定的CVD风险因素及其在PLWH中的患病率.
- 评估活性抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 对PLWH中心血管疾病风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase,Web of Science和Cochrane图书馆数据库 (2015年1月 - 2023年5月) 中进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包括报告高血压,失脂血症,冠状动脉疾病 (CAD) 和心肌梗塞 (MI) 的患病率和危险因素的研究.
- 由于异质性很高,数据使用随机效应模型进行分析,统计分析在Stata/MP 17.0.0中进行.
主要成果:
- 对31项研究 (312913个PLWH) 的分析显示,与对照人群相比,PLWH患者的脂质失调 (HR=1.53),CAD (HR=1.37) 和MI (HR=1.47) 的风险更高.
- 没有观察到高血压患病率的显著差异 (HR=1.17).
- 亚组分析表明,男性,吸烟者和老年PLWH中心脏病发病率较高,区域差异可见. 2015年后早期的ART启动与较低的心血管疾病风险相关.
结论:
- 与普通人群相比,PLWH面临着显著增加的心血管疾病风险,需要加强预防策略.
- 迅速启动ART似乎可以减轻PLWH中心脏病发病率.
- 进一步的研究是必要的,以阐明特定的风险因素 (例如,年龄,地区) 针对性心血管疾病查和管理在PLWH.
相关概念视频
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
241
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
241
Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease
30
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
30
Sexually Transmitted Infections
303
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
303
Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
792
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
792
Retrovirus Life Cycles
45.9K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
45.9K
Imbalances in Cardiac Output
1.4K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
1.4K


