与年龄相关的米素相关毒性和甲素耐药黄金葡萄球菌感染的疗效的年龄相关差异:老年人和成人患者之间的比较研究
Lin Xi1,2,3, Shanshan Li4, Mengting Chen1,2,3
1Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 26, 2024
概括
老年患者有较高的风险的菌素诱导的损伤 (毒性) 来自甲素耐药的黄金葡萄球菌 (MRSA) 感染. 密切监测万科米辛的最低度 (Ctrough) 是至关重要的,特别是在20 mg/L以上.
科学领域:
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 老年患者 (≥65岁) 较容易感染抗甲素黄金葡萄球菌 (MRSA) 感染.
- 与年轻人相比,老年人的MRSA感染可能导致治疗结果和并发症更差.
- 范科米辛是治疗MRSA的关键抗生素,但其在老年人中的使用需要谨慎管理.
研究的目的:
- 为了在老年人和患有MRSA感染的成年患者之间比较香草素相关的毒性和疗效.
- 在不同年龄组中调查范科米辛的药理动力学/药理动力学 (PK/PD) 指数与临床结果之间的关系.
- 在老年患者中识别范科米辛诱导的毒性风险因素.
主要方法:
- 一项前性研究涉及164名患者 (83名老年人,81名成年人) 在上海10家医院感染MRSA (2012年10月至2019年11月).
- 对所有患者进行了万科米辛治疗药物监测 (TDM).
- 分析了PK/PD指数,包括万科米辛的最低度 (Ctrough) 和曲线下的24小时区域 (AUC24),并与临床结果和毒性相关.
主要成果:
- 与成年患者相比,老年患者表现出显著更高的万科米辛C通道,AUC24和AUC24/MIC值.
- 在老年患者 (18.1%) 中,与康素相关的毒性发生率几乎是成年患者 (16.2%,p = 0.020) 的三倍.
- 在老年人中,Ctrough>>20 mg/L被确定为毒性的独立风险因素. 即使在EGFR>60mL/min/1.73m2的患者中,老年患者也表现出更高的万科米辛PK/PD指数和毒性.
结论:
- 接受万科米辛治疗的老年患者患有毒性风险较高.
- 在老年患者中,密切监测万科米辛的治疗药物是必不可少的,特别是当C通道水平超过20 mg/L时.
- 优化范胺剂量和监测策略对于减轻老年人群中毒性风险至关重要.
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