谁会更以自我为中心? 年龄差异对回顾性自我体验对人际情感强度判断的影响
Menghan Jin1,2, Huamao Peng1,2
1Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 26, 2024
概括
与年轻人相比,老年人表现出更大的自我中心偏见在情感判断中,这是由于回顾性自我经验. 这种效应与诸如抑制和工作记忆等认知能力有关.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 老年人的回顾性自我经验可能会影响他们对人际关系的情感判断.
- 自生成的定效应范式为研究这种影响提供了一种方法.
- 了解情感判断中的与年龄相关的差异对于社会认知研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查老年人的回顾性自我经验是否比年轻的成年人更多地影响人际情感判断.
- 检查认知能力 (抑制,工作记忆) 在情感判断中的年龄相关差异中的作用.
- 确定自我产生定对跨年龄组情绪强度估计的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用自生成的定效应范式与老年人 (n=63) 和年轻人 (n=65) 的成年人.
- 参与者回顾地判断了在场景 (高/低) 中的自我体验情绪强度.
- 然后,参与者在目标场景中估计了主角的情绪强度;认知能力受到控制.
主要成果:
- 老年人在更多的情感类别 (四个) 中表现出明显的自我产生定效应,而不是年轻的成年人 (两个).
- 这种与年龄相关的相互作用效应在控制抑制和工作记忆后变得无意义.
- 在所有模型中,多级回归证实了自我情绪对判断他人的情绪的显著影响.
结论:
- 老年人更容易受到回顾性自我经验的影响,导致他们比年轻人更以自我为中心的判断.
- 认知能力的年龄相关差异,如抑制和工作记忆,可能是这种效应的基础.
- 回顾性自我经验和认知因素在整个生命周期中显著塑造了人际情感判断.
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