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相关概念视频

Gap Junctions01:37

Gap Junctions

52.9K
Multicellular organisms employ a variety of ways for cells to communicate with each other. Gap junctions are specialized proteins that form pores between neighboring cells in animals, connecting the cytoplasm between the two, and allowing for the exchange of molecules and ions. They are found in a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate species, mediate numerous functions including cell differentiation and development, and are associated with numerous human diseases, including cardiac and...
52.9K
Overview of Cell-Cell Junctions01:14

Overview of Cell-Cell Junctions

25.5K
The complex three-dimensional arrangement of cells in any multicellular organism is defined and maintained by interactions of cells with each other and the extracellular matrix. Cell-cell junctions are specialized structures where the multi-protein complexes on one cell interact with the multi-protein complexes on another  cell. These cell junctions are classified  into three main types based on their function — occluding, anchoring, and gap junctions.
Occluding or Tight...
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Contact-dependent Signaling01:19

Contact-dependent Signaling

44.6K
Contact-dependent signaling, as the name suggests, requires that communicating cells be in direct contact with each other. This is achieved either through receptor-ligand interactions or by specialized cytoplasmic channels that allow the flow of small molecules between cells. In animal cells, channels called gap junctions facilitate contact-dependent signaling in certain tissues, whereas, plasmodesmata perform a similar function in plants.
Gap Junctions
In animal cells, gap junctions are formed...
44.6K
Tight Junctions01:29

Tight Junctions

5.3K
Tight junctions are molecular seals between cells that prevent the leaking of fluids, ions, and other small solutes across cavities and compartments in multicellular organisms. They are mainly composed of claudin and occludin transmembrane proteins, and other proteins such as tricellulin and JAM (junctional adhesion molecule). All these proteins are 4-pass transmembrane proteins, except JAM, which is a single-pass transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The...
5.3K
Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

3.8K
Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
3.8K
Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

4.8K
Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
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Recording Gap Junction Current from Xenopus Oocytes
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在Ctenophora的差距连接处.

Andrea B Kohn1, Leonid L Moroz2,3

  • 1Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, USA.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|April 26, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

光体拥有多种不同的内基因 (间隙结蛋白) 具有独特的修饰,表明复杂的细胞通信和功能遍及它们的发育和组织,特别是在腹腔器官.

关键词:
进化 进化 进化 进化 进化 进化 进化在Innexin中使用.这就是 Mnemiopsis.潘尼克辛 (Pannexin) 是一种补充剂.人类的家谱 (Phylogeny) 是一个学科.腹肌病是什么意思?后翻译修改后的修改.这就是Ctenophora.

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科学领域:

  • 动物学 动物学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 进化生物学 进化生物学

背景情况:

  • 差距连接蛋白,如内克辛,调解细胞间通信和电突触,对于细胞信号传递和新陈代谢至关重要.
  • 类生物,或类,代表了早期分支的动物血统,为metazoan发展和生理学的进化提供了洞察力.

研究的目的:

  • 为了进行一个分子库存的内素 (INX-like) 蛋白质在ctenophores,专注于多样性和进化扩张.
  • 通过发育和成年组织,研究ctenophore innexins的结构,功能和表达模式.

主要方法:

  • 生物信息学分析以识别和表征多种种类型的内素基因.
  • 预测翻译后的修改和序列身份分析.
  • RNA测序 (RNA-seq) 和现场杂交以确定内因素表达模式.

主要成果:

  • 在超过15个类动物物种中发现了类动物,这表明从共同的祖先开始独立的家族扩张.
  • 昆虫类内基因表现出保守的拓,但在表子组织和低序列身份方面具有很高的多样性,与其他类不同.
  • 预测的翻译后修改是众多的,并且没有保存,这表明功能多样性的巨大潜力.
  • 内素在整个ctenophore胚胎发生过程中表达,并且在成年组织中很丰富,特别是腹部器官,触角和板,每种组织都有独特的组合.

结论:

  • 类内体表现出显著的分子多样性,由独立的基因扩张和可变的翻译后修改驱动.
  • 在整个组织中,内克辛的独特表达模式表明它们在复杂的整合功能和ctenophores的行为中发挥了关键作用.
  • 这项研究突出了光体中差距连接蛋白的广泛多样性,为研究细胞间通信进化提供了一个独特的模型.