老年退伍军人的认知和粉样β:数据衍生的表型的特征和纵向结果
Kelsey R Thomas1,2, Alexandra L Clark3, Alexandra J Weigand4
1VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
|April 26, 2024
概括
年长退伍军人的认知衰退是复杂的. 亚组分析揭示了不同的模式,其中一些与阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 病理学有关,另一些与精神疾病有关,不同影响执行功能和记忆.
科学领域:
- 老年学和神经退行性疾病
- 在退伍军人的认知障碍.
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的生物标志物
背景情况:
- 老年退伍军人经历的认知困难受到阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 以外的多种因素的影响.
- 精神疾病 (例如,PTSD) 和健康并发症 (例如,创伤性脑损伤 (TBI)) 在这个人群中显著影响认知功能.
- 了解这些不同的贡献者对于准确的诊断和有效的治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 根据客观认知表现,主观认知衰退 (SCD) 和粉样蛋白负担,识别老年退伍军人的不同小组.
- 以临床特征,关键生物标志物和日常功能和全球认知的纵向变化来比较这些子组.
- 阐明在塑造认知轨迹的AD病理和并发症之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 对神经心理测量,SCD和粉样蛋白位电子发射断层扫描 (PET) 数据进行了集群分析.
- 这项研究包括228名主要是男性的越南时代退伍军人,来自国防部-阿尔茨海默病神经成像计划.
- 分析了基线特征和日常功能和全球认知的1年变化.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个不同的小组:第1组 (n=128) 具有平均/平均以上的认知能力和低粉样蛋白;第2组 (n=72) 具有最低的记忆/语言,最高的SCD和平均粉样蛋白,以及严重的PTSD,疼痛和睡眠不足;第3组 (n=28) 具有最低的注意力/执行功能,略有记忆/语言障碍,粉样蛋白升高,最糟糕的AD生物标志物和最快的衰退.
- 第二组的认知缺陷与精神病和健康因素有关.
- 第三组表现出与生物学AD最一致的特征,但注意力/执行功能障碍是主要的早期症状.
结论:
- 注意力/执行功能障碍可能是老年退伍军人的突出早期症状,可能是AD病理和并发症之间的相互作用造成的.
- 高龄退伍军人的认知衰退的多样性强调了需要个性化评估和治疗方法的需要.
- 这些发现对老兵群体中AD修饰疗法的临床实施具有重要意义.
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