英国柴油和混合动力列车上的空气质量
Anna Font1, Michael Hedges2, Yiqun Han2
1MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Environmental Research Group, Imperial College, London, W12 0BZ, United Kingdom; IMT Nord Europe, Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Centre for Education, Research and Innovation in Energy Environment (CERI EE), 59000 Lille, France.
Environment international
|April 26, 2024
概括
英国的火车旅程表明,道显著增加颗粒污染,而柴油发动机提高二氧化水平. 新火车通常具有更好的空气质量,为交通指南提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 运输工程 运输工程
背景情况:
- 火车旅行是一种常见的交通方式,但火车车内的空气质量,特别是柴油和双模式列车上的空气质量,还不太清楚.
- 暴露于交通微环境中的空气污染物可能会对公众健康产生重大影响.
研究的目的:
- 测量英国城市间和长途列车行程中各种空气污染物 (PM10,PM2.5,UFP,PNC,BC,NO2,NOx) 的列车内度.
- 确定影响列车内空气质量的关键因素,包括列车类型,年龄和运行条件,如道通道和发动机燃料模式.
主要方法:
- 利用高质量的移动测量系统,收集2020年冬季和2021年夏季15条线路和13个列车类的119次旅程的高时间分辨率数据.
- 测量了颗粒物度 (PM10,PM2.5),超细颗粒 (UFP),颗粒数度 (PNC),黑碳 (BC),二氧化 (NO2) 和氧化 (NOx).
- 分析了诸如道,发动机燃料模式 (柴油与电气) 和火车年龄等因素对测量污染物水平的影响.
主要成果:
- 发现道是颗粒污染的最重要因素,增加BC高达40倍,PM/PNC增加了基线水平的6~7倍.
- 与混合动力列车的电动运行相比,柴油发动机的运行导致高达14倍的NO2度.
- 新火车 (年龄小于10年) 的PM,BC和NOx度较低,这表明铁路技术的改进.
- 英国柴油列车的火车内空气质量通常比环境水平更好,并且优于PM2.5和PNC的大多数其他运输方式.
结论:
- 列车内空气质量受到道和发动机模式等运行因素的影响,观察到显著的差异.
- 新的火车技术有助于改善车内的空气质量.
- 该研究为制定列车内空气质量指南提供了关键的参考测量,为行业和监管机构提供了信息.
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