剂量效应基因在合成的Triticum durum-Haynaldia villosa allohexaploid中调节谷物发育
Zhongyu Yu1, Baofeng Cui1, Jin Xiao1
1State Key Lab of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
Journal of genetics and genomics = Yi chuan xue bao
|April 26, 2024
概括
植物中的多重化,如小麦,通过改变基因剂量来增加谷粒大小. 关键的剂量影响基因,包括TaVRN1,调节谷物发育和产量,为作物改善提供目标.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 农作物科学 农作物科学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 植物中的多重积分化通常会增加细胞和粒径,这与基因组剂量和转录的增加有关.
- 合成的两胞体,如Triticum durum (AABB) -Haynaldia villosa (VV) (AABBVV),与其双胞体和四胞体祖先相比,其粒径显著更大.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究多化对谷物发育的转录效应.
- 确定负责小麦两虫中增加谷粒大小的基因和机制.
主要方法:
- 来自Triticum durum,Haynaldia villosa及其两类的未成熟种子的转录组分析.
- 差异基因表达分析以确定剂量影响基因.
主要成果:
- 不同表达的基因,特别是来自H. villosa V基因组的基因,对剂量效应做出了重大贡献.
- 对与谷物发育相关的功能进行了剂量效应基因的丰富,包括 TaVRN1.1 的 vernalisation 基因.
- TaVRN1同类物与谷粒大小和重量呈正相关性;TaVRN1-B1或TaVRN1-D1的突变减少了谷粒大小和产量.
结论:
- 剂量效应基因通过调节谷物发育,在提高小麦两类的谷粒大小方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 识别和验证这些剂量效应基因可以帮助制定提高小麦产量的策略.
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