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人类免疫缺陷病毒的流行病学:反思和见解

Lacrecia M Bell¹

¹School of Nursing, Duke University School of Nursing, 307 Trent Drive, DUMC 3322, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

The Nursing clinics of North America

|April 26, 2024

概括

人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 流行不成比例地影响黑人和棕色社区,特别是在美国南部. 解决结构性障碍对于结束艾滋病毒流行和改善对弱势群体的护理至关重要.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
流行病学流行病学
健康差异在健康上的差异

背景情况:

人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 疫情继续不成比例地影响美国的黑人和棕色社区.
显著的医疗保健差异仍然存在,特别是在美国南部,阻碍了艾滋病毒预防和治疗的进展.
某些地区艾滋病毒发病率不断上升,迫切需要识别和缓解结构性障碍.

研究的目的:

反思艾滋病毒治疗和预防策略的进展.
识别和分析导致艾滋病毒流行中的健康差异的结构性障碍.
提出创新的方法来缩小艾滋病毒影响的弱势群体的护理差距.

主要方法:

关于艾滋病毒治疗和预防进展的文献综述.
对艾滋病毒发病率和差异的流行病学数据的分析.
对医疗保健获取和提供结构性障碍的定性评估.

主要成果:

审查强调了抗逆转录病毒疗法和暴露前预防 (PrEP) 的重大进展.
确定的主要结构性障碍包括社会经济因素,系统性种族主义和美国南部有限的护理机会.
弱势群体在获得和遵守艾滋病毒预防和治疗方面面临着多方面的挑战.

结论:

尽管医学取得了进步,但结构性不平等仍然是边缘化群体中艾滋病毒流行的主要驱动因素.
需要新的,多层次的干预措施来拆除这些障碍,实现健康公平.
专注于社区特定需求和系统变革的方法对于结束所有人的艾滋病毒流行病至关重要.

关键词:

终止艾滋病毒流行病终止艾滋病毒流行病艾滋病病毒艾滋病病毒艾滋病病毒卫生公平性健康公平性这就是为什么PrEP是PrEP.易受伤害的人群易受伤害的人群

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