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相关概念视频

Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

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Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
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Current Trends in Nursing II01:30

Current Trends in Nursing II

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Trends in nursing are multifactorial and associated with changes in society, within the nursing profession, and in other professions. Notably, telehealth and remote nursing contribute to successful healthcare delivery for numerous patients and help reduce stress for nurses due to nursing shortages. Nurses can reach patients, monitor their conditions, and interact with them using computers, audio, visual accessories, and telephones—for example, remote patient monitoring systems. Likewise,...
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Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System01:29

Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System

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The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
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Blinding01:11

Blinding

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Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Randomized, Triple-Blind, and Parallel-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Cognitive Rehabilitation after Stroke
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在临床实践中评估人工智能的随机对照试验:一个范围审查.

Ryan Han1, Julián N Acosta2, Zahra Shakeri3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; University of California Los Angeles-Caltech Medical Scientist Training Program, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

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人工智能 (AI) 在临床实践中越来越多地使用,许多试验报告了积极的诊断结果. 然而,关于可通用性和需要更强大的研究的担忧仍然存在.

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科学领域:

  • 临床医学 临床医学
  • 人工智能的人工智能
  • 医疗信息学 医疗信息学

背景情况:

  • 在临床实践中对人工智能 (AI) 的兴趣在各种医疗专业和地理区域迅速扩大.
  • 美国和中国在研究方面处于领先地位,重点关注用于医学成像分析的深度学习.

研究的目的:

  • 对随机对照试验 (RCT) 进行范围审查,评估AI在临床实践中的应用.
  • 确定涉及人工智能研究的趋势,领先国家,人工智能技术和临床领域.
  • 评估报告的结果,并确定当前用于临床环境的AI研究的局限性.

主要方法:

  • 在临床实践中对人工智能进行随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统搜索.
  • 提取研究特征,人工智能应用 (如深度学习,医学成像),临床专业和报告结果的数据.
  • 对试验报告标准的分析,包括人口统计和运营效率.

主要成果:

  • 越来越多的RCT在临床实践中研究AI,医学成像 (胃肠道学,放射学) 的深度学习很突出.
  • 大多数试验 (81%) 报告了积极的初级终点,主要涉及诊断产量或性能.
  • 由于单个中心设计,有限的人口数据和可变的运营效率报告,存在对通用性的担忧.

结论:

  • 虽然人工智能有望改善医疗保健中的诊断能力,但目前的研究存在局限性.
  • 出版偏见,缺乏多中心试验,以及对患者相关结果的报告不足,阻碍了对人工智能的影响的充分理解.
  • 未来的人工智能研究必须优先考虑多中心设计,多样化的结果措施和标准化的报告,以确保临床实用性和患者利益.