英国新生儿BCG接种疫苗的新途径:对其实施的混合方法评估
Koren Jones1, Georgia Chisnall2, Tim Crocker-Buque3
1UK Health Security Agency, London, England.
BMC public health
|April 26, 2024
概括
英国实施了针对婴儿的Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) 疫苗接种的新途径,使其与严重联合免疫缺陷 (SCID) 查保持一致. 在实现28天的目标和改善疫苗接种覆盖率方面仍然存在挑战.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 免疫接种计划 免疫接种计划
- 新生儿护理 新生儿护理
背景情况:
- 在英格兰对严重综合免疫缺陷 (SCID) 查进行的国家评估,需要对Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) 疫苗接种计划进行更改.
- 活体减弱疫苗BCG疫苗在SCID的婴儿中是禁忌的,需要修订的分娩途径.
- 新生儿BCG疫苗接种计划针对肺结核风险较高的婴儿,此前在出生后不久就提供.
研究的目的:
- 探索修订新生儿BCG疫苗接种途径的实施经验.
- 了解利益相关者如何理解,参与和评估变化.
- 确定在新的28天时间框架内提供BCG疫苗的挑战和促进者.
主要方法:
- 从2022年10月到2023年2月进行了混合方法评估.
- 进行了与BCG专员和提供商 (n=65) 的全国在线调查,以及与利益相关方 (n=16) 的定性半结构面试.
- 数据分析涉及调查的描述性统计数据,采访的专题分析和使用规范化过程理论的三角化.
主要成果:
- 实施新的途径是一个代的过程,对其价值的看法各不相同.
- 主要挑战包括预约缺席,数据系统和人员/资源问题,影响了28天的疫苗接种目标.
- 新的合作和实践社区对于促进变革至关重要.
结论:
- 新的NHS新生儿BCG服务规范为计划管理提供了一个结构.
- 需要进一步努力,以支持28天的疫苗接种目标,并提高BCG疫苗接种率.
- 解决实施挑战对于优化修订后的疫苗接种途径至关重要.
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