肝炎病毒作为肝癌发生的驱动因素的作用
Mario Capasso1, Valentina Cossiga1, Maria Guarino1
1Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
尽管代谢性肝病的增加,B型肝炎和C型肝炎病毒仍然是全球肝癌的主要驱动因素. 病毒性肝炎直接和间接地通过致癌性质和慢性炎症促进肝细胞癌.
科学领域:
- 肝病学和病毒瘤学
- 肝病的流行病学 肝病的流行病学
背景情况:
- 与代谢相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 现在是慢性肝病的主要原因,也是肝细胞癌 (HCC) 的常见原因.
- 然而,病毒性肝炎,特别是B型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 和C型肝炎病毒 (HCV),仍然是全球肝癌发生的主要驱动因素.
- 乙型肝炎病毒约占HCC病例的40%,而HCV占28-30%,地理差异很大.
研究的目的:
- 审查肝炎病毒在肝癌发展中的瘤作用.
- 评估肝癌病因学的流行病学转变.
- 分析导致肝癌发生的直接和间接病毒机制.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和对肝癌流行病学数据的分析.
- 对有关HBV和HCV的致癌机制的科学文献进行了审查.
- 关于病毒诱导的肝炎和导致癌症的肝硬化信息的综合.
主要成果:
- 与其他病因相比,病毒性肝炎显著增加HCC风险,即使有代谢因素,酒精和吸烟等辅助因素.
- 肝癌风险随着肝病的进展而升级,但病毒触发因素始终会增加风险.
- 直接的病毒瘤发生和间接的机制都涉及慢性炎症和肝硬化.
结论:
- 肝炎病毒是肝癌的关键病因因素,需要持续关注预防和治疗.
- 了解病毒机制对于开发针对性治疗病毒相关的HCC至关重要.
- 病毒感染,炎症和辅助因子之间的相互作用凸显了肝癌复杂的发病过程.
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