轻度认知障碍的老年人认知概况和心血管风险因素
Julia Vázquez-de Sebastián1,2,3, Angel M Ortiz-Zuñiga3,4, Andreea Ciudin3,4
1Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08192 Barcelona, Spain.
概括
在轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的老年人中,心血管风险因素 (CVRF) 并没有恶化整体认知能力. 然而,高危人群表现出注意力缺陷,2型糖尿病 (T2D) 显著影响认知差异.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
背景情况:
- 心血管风险因素 (CVRFs) 在老年人中很普遍.
- 关于CVRF对这一人口群体认知特征的影响需要进一步调查.
- 轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 影响着老年人口的很大一部分.
研究的目的:
- 调查CVRF存在与MCI老年人的认知表现之间的关联.
- 为了确定心血管风险的不同水平是否与特定的认知缺陷相关.
- 确定哪些CVRF,如果有的话,与认知表现差异独立相关.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及185名被诊断患有MCI的老年人 (65-85岁) 的横截面研究.
- 参与者根据CVRF分为低,中,高心血管风险组 (二型糖尿病,血脂不良,高血压,肥胖).
- 认知表现使用可重复电池评估神经心理状态 (RBANS) 进行评估,统计分析侧重于非参数方法和效果大小.
主要成果:
- 在CVRF总体存在率较高和全球认知表现较差之间没有发现显著的关联.
- 与中风险和低风险组相比,高风险组的个人在注意力领域表现明显较差.
- 2型糖尿病 (T2D) 被确定为唯一与认知差异显著相关的CVRF,其持续时间可能受到影响.
结论:
- 增加的CVRF并不一定导致MCI的老年人整体认知功能下降.
- 患有高心血管风险的人更容易患上认知障碍,尤其是影响注意力的认知障碍.
- 2型糖尿病的持续时间可能在调解该人群中观察到的认知特征变化方面发挥关键作用.
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