在COVID-19疫苗接种之前和之后出现多发性硬化症:HLA哈普洛型可以决定性吗?
Assunta Bianco1,2, Gabriele Di Sante3, Francesca Colò2
1Division of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy.
International journal of molecular sciences
|April 27, 2024
概括
这项研究发现,在COVID-19疫苗接种后,多发性硬化症 (MS) 发病风险没有增加. 研究人员比较了流行前和流行后的MS诊断,在患者特征或疾病模式上没有发现显著差异,包括在接种疫苗的人群中.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在COVID-19疫苗接种后出现多发性硬化症 (MS) 的报道存在,但缺乏确的因果关系证据.
- COVID-19 流行病可能影响了潜在影响MS发展的环境因素.
- 了解环境因素,遗传学和MS发病之间的相互作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较COVID-19大流行之前和期间新诊断的复发性缓解性MS的发病率和特征.
- 研究COVID-19疫苗接种对MS发病的潜在影响.
- 探索MS发展中的遗传和环境倾向因素.
主要方法:
- 一个单一中心的回顾性队列研究分析了2018年1月至2022年7月期间266名新发性复发性复发性多发性硬化症患者.
- 收集的数据包括COVID-19疫苗接种状态,临床表现和放射性发现.
- 在小组中进行了HLA-DRB1基因定型,以评估遗传关联.
主要成果:
- 在大流行前和大流行期间,每年新增多发性硬化病例的发病率没有显著差异.
- 在患者特征,发病类型,康复或放射学模式方面,两段时间之间没有观察到差异.
- 在MS发病前一个月内接种疫苗的14名患者中,他们的特征和结果与未接种疫苗的患者相似. 在与疫苗相关的和与疫苗无关的MS发病组之间,HLA-DRB1*15等位基因的频率有所不同.
结论:
- 这项研究没有发现COVID-19疫苗接种和复发性复发性MS发作之间的因果关系.
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,MS发病率和临床模式保持稳定.
- 遗传因素,如HLA-DRB1等位基因,可能与MS病变发生过程中的环境影响相互作用,需要进一步调查.
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