从产前期到产后生活的先天性传染性脑病变
Olivier Fortin1, Roberta L DeBiasi2, Sarah B Mulkey3
1Zickler Family Prenatal Pediatrics Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington DC, USA.
Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine
|April 27, 2024
概括
怀孕期间的先天性感染会导致胎儿大脑异常,并影响婴儿的健康. 早期识别和治疗这些感染对于预防长期的神经发育问题至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 孕产妇和胎儿医学 孕产妇和胎儿医学
背景情况:
- 先天性感染是胎儿大脑异常和新生儿发病/死亡的重要原因.
- 孕产妇感染可能会传染给胎儿,导致中枢神经系统损伤和多系统功能障碍.
研究的目的:
- 突出考虑先天性感染在胎儿和新生儿的神经护理中的重要性.
- 讨论从先天性感染引起的神经发育并发症的识别,诊断和管理.
主要方法:
- 审查成像发现 (超声波,MRI) 和与各种先天性病原体相关的临床特征.
- 对神经和神经发育并发症背后的病理生理机制的分析.
- 考虑公共卫生和政策影响.
主要成果:
- 特定的病原体 (例如,细胞巨乳病毒,寨卡病毒) 可以导致在成像上可识别的独特的中枢神经系统病变.
- 神经系统并发症是直接的病原体入侵,炎症和表观遗传变化的结果.
- 在全球范围内,先天性感染不成比例地影响脆弱人群.
结论:
- 先天性感染是胎儿和新生儿神经功能障碍的关键原因,通常被忽视.
- 及时诊断和有针对性的干预措施可以改善神经发育结果.
- 应对先天性感染是公共卫生优先事项,特别是在资源有限的环境中.
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