一个针对个性的物质使用预防计划对从青春期到早期成年期的侵略性的长期有效性
Siobhan Lawler1, Emma L Barrett1, Maree Teesson1
1The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health & Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Psychological medicine
|April 29, 2024
概括
预防计划,一个针对个性的干预,在7年的时间里显著减少了青少年的攻击性行为. 这项研究强调了早期干预对于预防青少年侵略性的长期益处.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 青少年发展 青少年发展
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 青少年的侵略行为是成年人暴力的先驱.
- 早期干预对于防止长期负面结果至关重要.
- 预防计划的目标是与物质使用和行为问题相关的个性特征.
研究的目的:
- 评估Preventure计划对侵略行为的长期影响.
- 检查个性向干预对从青春期到年轻成年期的侵略行为的影响.
主要方法:
- 这是一项为期7年的纵向研究,涉及9所学校的339名青少年 (年龄13-15岁).
- 参与者被分配到预防计划 (n=145) 或对照组 (n=194) 中.
- 自我报告措施使用多层次建模评估了整体和特定类型的侵略 (主动,反应) .
主要成果:
- 预防组的整体侵略性每年显著减少 (b = -0.42,p < 0.001).
- 在干预组中,在反应性侵略 (b = -0.22,p = 0.001) 和主动性侵略 (b = -0.14,p = 0.002) 均观察到显著的减少.
- 这些对侵略的积极影响在7年的随访期内持续存在.
结论:
- 像Preventure这样简短的,针对个性的干预可以对青少年的攻击性产生持久的积极影响.
- 这些发现表明,有可能防止未来的暴力和相关的社会成本.
- 需要进一步的研究,以解决性别比例不平衡的限制.
相关概念视频
01:28Conduct Disorder
33
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
33
02:04Bullying
8.4K
A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is...
8.4K
01:21Behavior Modification
142
Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
142
02:20Longitudinal Research
12.0K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
12.0K
03:00Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
5.2K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.2K
01:47Aggression
27.8K
Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
27.8K