法医面部检查员与超级识别人员:评估行为超出了准确性
Carina A Hahn1, Liansheng Larry Tang2, Amy N Yates1
1Information Access Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA.
Applied cognitive psychology
|April 29, 2024
概括
法医面部检查人员和超级识别人员表现出不同的面部匹配行为. 了解这些差异是解释他们判断的关键,而不仅仅是准确性.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 法医科学 法医科学 法医科学
背景情况:
- 法医面部检查人员和超级识别人员在面部匹配方面表现出高度准确性.
- 这些群体在面部识别任务中表现优于普通人群.
- 面部检查师通常具有广泛的培训,而超级识别师表现出自然的天赋.
研究的目的:
- 在法医面部检查人员和超级识别人员中调查面部匹配的详细行为特性.
- 识别和比较这两个专业团体使用的不同判断策略.
- 探索信心,感知任务难度和面部专业知识的准确性之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在面部匹配任务期间,法医面部检查人员和超级识别人员的行为数据的比较分析.
- 评价判断尺度的使用,决策信心和响应对称性.
- 评估自我报告的准确性见解,包括信心评级和感知到的任务轻松性.
主要成果:
- 法医面部检查人员使用完整的7点身份判断尺度,而超级识别者则倾向于高度自信的决定.
- 检查人员的判断在中点周围是对称的,与超级识别人员不同.
- 考试者表现出比超级认知者更高的身份判断协议,但两组都表现出对准确性的自我意识.
结论:
- 面部专业知识的特点是独特的行为模式超出了纯粹的准确性.
- 解释面部比较判断需要考虑个体的专业知识类型 (训练有素或自然).
- 面部比较的未来评估应该结合行为指标与准确性一起,以充分理解表现.
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