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相关概念视频

Damped Oscillations01:07

Damped Oscillations

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In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
Although friction and other non-conservative...
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Forced Oscillations01:06

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When an oscillator is forced with a periodic driving force, the motion may seem chaotic. The motions of such oscillators are known as transients. After the transients die out, the oscillator reaches a steady state, where the motion is periodic, and the displacement is determined.
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RLC Circuit as a Damped Oscillator01:30

RLC Circuit as a Damped Oscillator

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An RLC circuit combines a resistor, inductor, and capacitor, connected in a series or parallel combination.
Consider a series RLC circuit. Here, the presence of resistance in the circuit leads to energy loss due to joule heating in the resistance. Therefore, the total electromagnetic energy in the circuit is no longer constant and decreases with time. Since the magnitude of charge, current, and potential difference continuously decreases, their oscillations are said to be damped. This is...
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If a driven oscillator needs to resonate at a specific frequency, then very light damping is required. An example of light damping includes playing piano strings and many other musical instruments. Conversely, to achieve small-amplitude oscillations as in a car's suspension system, heavy damping is required. Heavy damping reduces the amplitude, but the tradeoff is that the system responds at more frequencies. Speed bumps and gravel roads prove that even a car's suspension system is not...
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If the amount of damping in a system is gradually increased, the period and frequency start to become affected because damping opposes, and hence slows, the back and forth motion (the net force is smaller in both directions). If there is a very large amount of damping, the system does not even oscillate; instead, it slowly moves toward equilibrium. In brief, an overdamped system moves slowly towards equilibrium, whereas an underdamped system moves quickly to equilibrium but will oscillate about...
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An idealized LC circuit of zero resistance can oscillate without any source of emf by shifting the energy stored in the circuit between the electric and magnetic fields. In such an LC circuit, if the capacitor contains a charge q before the switch is closed, then all the energy of the circuit is initially stored in the electric field of the capacitor. This energy is given by
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在微机械共振器中持续的非线性相锁定和非单调的能量消耗.

Mingkang Wang1,2, Diego J Perez-Morelo1,2, Daniel Lopez3,1

  • 1Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.

Physical review. X
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PubMed
概括

研究人员在合的非线性系统中发现了持久的非线性相锁状态. 这些状态对于理解微型和纳米机械共振器中的能量交换和短暂动态至关重要.

关键词:
机械学 机械学 机械学非线性动力学是一种非线性动力学.

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科学领域:

  • 非线性动力学和复杂系统
  • 机械工程 机械工程
  • 量子光学是一种量子光学.

背景情况:

  • 非线性系统表现出振幅依赖的频率和强烈的相互作用在内部共振,导致复杂的动态,如nonergodicity.
  • 现有的模型难以普遍解释微型和纳米机械共振器中的各种实验观测.
  • 内部共振的快速能量交换是理解时间变化的放松率等现象的关键.

研究的目的:

  • 在合的非线性系统中实验揭示持久的非线性相锁状态.
  • 为了证明这些相锁状态在过渡动态中的重要作用.
  • 为非线性共振器中观察到的现象提供通用的物理描述.

主要方法:

  • 一个完全可观测的微机械共振器系统的实验调查.
  • 系统动态的定量建模,专注于模式交互和能量交换.
  • 分析相锁状态,连贯时间和能量传输路径.

主要成果:

  • 持续的非线性相锁状态,特别是周期三倍状态,经过实验观察并进行了定量描述.
  • 该模型准确地预测了相锁连贯时间,能量交换方向和大小以及非单调的能量演变.
  • 系统动态和放松路径被证明取决于初始相对阶段,影响进入或绕过锁定状态.

结论:

  • 持久相锁是与合自身模式的非线性系统中调节过渡动态的基本机制.
  • 这种现象不受特定的频率比或非线性类型的限制,具有广泛的适用性.
  • 这些发现在纳米力学和光子学等领域推进了非线性共振器系统工程.