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应对空气质量挑战:委内瑞拉巴塞罗那和厄瓜多尔瓜亚基尔的比较分析

Giobertti Morantes¹, Gladys Rincon^2,3, Alejandro Chanaba²

¹Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.

|April 29, 2024

概括

委内瑞拉和厄瓜多尔的公民认为空气质量差,并确定污染源. 建议巴塞罗那对城市交通进行有针对性的投资和更新立法,而瓜亚基尔则需要加强公共交通和车辆排放控制.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
公共卫生公共卫生
环境经济学环境经济学

背景情况:

两个南美城市巴塞罗那 (委内瑞拉) 和瓜亚基尔 (厄瓜多尔) 缺乏全面的空气质量监测和控制措施.
在官方数据有限的地区,评估公民对空气质量和自我报告的健康状况的看法至关重要.
了解公众的看法可以为有针对性的环境政策干预提供信息.

研究的目的:

设计,验证和应用支付意愿 (WtP) 问卷来评估空气质量认知和自我报告的健康状况.
确定巴塞罗那和瓜亚基尔的空气污染源和污染物.
评估现有的空气质量改善工作,并为这两个城市推战略.

主要方法:

开发和验证一个支付意愿 (WtP) 问卷.
问卷的应用,以评估公民对巴塞罗那和瓜亚基尔空气质量和健康的看法.
评估城市层面的空气质量改善举措,使用联合国环境规划框架.

主要成果:

WtP问卷被证明是评估空气质量感知的可靠工具.
两种人口都认为空气质量差,并准确识别了关键污染物:巴塞罗那的工业排放和颗粒物,以及瓜亚基尔的车辆排放和一氧化碳.
确定了两座城市当前空气质量管理战略的优缺点.

结论:

巴塞罗那需要对城市交通,废物管理和更新国家环境立法进行投资,以改善空气质量.
瓜亚基尔已经开始改善空气质量,但需要进一步投资于公共交通和车辆排放控制措施.
通过WtP问卷等经过验证的工具收集的公民感知数据,对于在数据稀缺的地区为环境政策提供信息非常有价值.

关键词:

空气污染大气污染空气质量空气质量随机估值调查问卷随机估值调查问卷质量评估是一种质量评估.愿意支付的意愿.

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