视力障碍和认知表现:一项针对140万青少年的全国性研究
Itay Nitzan1,2,3, Estela Derazne4, Arnon Afek4,5
1Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
概括
青少年的视力障碍 (VI) 与较低的认知能力有关,即使在轻微或单方面情况下. 这项研究分析了超过140万名以色列青少年,揭示了VI和认知得分之间的重要关联.
科学领域:
- 眼科和认知神经科学
- 公共卫生和流行病学
背景情况:
- 以前的研究表明,视力障碍 (VI) 对儿童的学业成绩产生负面影响.
- 艾滋病毒对青少年和年轻人的认知表现的影响不太清楚.
- 这项研究通过在大量青少年队列中检查VI和认知功能来弥补这一差距.
研究的目的:
- 分析视力障碍与以色列青少年认知表现之间的关联.
- 调查VI,包括轻度和单边病例,是否会影响青春晚期认知得分.
主要方法:
- 一项追溯,基于人口的,对1993-2017年间1,410,616名以色列青少年 (16-19岁) 的横截面研究.
- 用斯内伦图表定义的最佳校正视敏度 (BCVA) 定义的视力障碍 (在任何/两只眼睛中都比6/9差).
- 通过一般智力得分 (GIS) 测量认知表现;用于分析与认知Z-score关联的回归模型.
主要成果:
- 1.0%的人患有单边VI (13,773) 和0.3%的人患有双边VI (3980).
- 单边VI与低认知分数 (OR 1.24) 的几率增加和高分数 (OR 0.84) 的几率降低有关.
- 双边VI显示出更强的关联:低得分的几率增加 (OR 1.62) 和高得分的几率降低 (OR 0.81),特别是在视觉空间功能方面.
结论:
- 视力障碍,即使是轻微的或单边的,也与青少年认知能力的降低有显著的关联.
- 这些发现强调了视觉健康对年轻成年人的认知发展的重要性.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明这种关系的潜在机制.
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