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利基保护主义和扩散解释了本地鱼和入侵鱼之间的侵入
Jordan H Hartman1,2, Joel Corush2, Eric R Larson1
1Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
Molecular ecology
|April 29, 2024
概括
与入侵性鱼类的杂交威胁到本地生物多样性. 生态利基模型和DNA测序显示,入侵鱼类的成功与息地适宜性和远离入侵源的距离有关,而不是本地鱼类的抵抗力.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 保护遗传学 保护遗传学
背景情况:
- 杂交可以推动进化变化,但当涉及入侵物种时,对本地生物多样性构成风险.
- 了解影响杂交模式和杂交个体分布的生态因素对于保护至关重要.
- 侵入性物种的成功往往与利基保护主义和生物耐药性理论有关.
研究的目的:
- 研究促进本地和入侵鱼类物种之间的杂交的生态因素.
- 在入侵和内侵的背景下,测试利基保守主义和生物抵抗的理论.
- 评估息地适宜性和入侵源对入侵东带鱼 (Fundulus diaphanus diaphanus) 的成功及其与本地西带鱼 (Fundulus diaphanus menona) 的混合的作用.
主要方法:
- 使用Maxent的生态利基建模 (ENM) 预测基于本地范围的两种物种的息地适合性.
- 限制部位相关的DNA测序,以评估个体带状鱼中的添加剂水平.
- 相关的ENM预测和入侵源接近混合物指数.
主要成果:
- 侵袭性的东带鱼在他们的ENM预测适合的地区占主导地位,支持利基保守主义.
- 随着入侵性东带鱼的息地适合性减少以及与入侵源的距离越来越远,添加剂水平增加.
- 对于本地西部带状鱼的息地适合性,几乎没有证据表明它能提供对入侵或混合物的生物抵抗力.
结论:
- 生态利基模型可以为本地和入侵种类的保护策略提供信息.
- 保护孤立的本地西带鱼种群免受入侵同类的侵袭是必不可少的.
- 侵入性物种的成功受到息地适宜性和空间动态的影响,而不是仅仅由本地物种的抵抗力.
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