在两个南美本土男性群体中,区域大脑体积的增加
Nikhil N Chaudhari1,2, Phoebe E Imms2, Nahian F Chowdhury2
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
GeroScience
|April 29, 2024
概括
生活方式显著影响大脑健康和衰老. 非工业化人口较少出现与年龄相关的大脑缩,这表明体力活动可能会保护大脑结构,与工业化环境不同.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人类学是人类学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 工业化环境可能会对大脑健康产生负面影响,与教育和较低的感染率等好处形成鲜明对比.
- 将工业化和非工业化人口的大脑衰老进行比较,可以揭示影响大脑健康的生活方式因素.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较玻利维亚土著人口 (Tsimane和Moseten) 和英国工业化人口 (UK Biobank) 之间的与年龄相关的大脑体积变化.
- 为了研究生活方式和性对区域大脑体积轨迹随着时间的推移的影响.
主要方法:
- 区域大脑体积是从1024名Tsimane和Moseten参与者 (46-83岁) 的计算机断层扫描中计算出来的.
- 在Tsimane/Moseten和19,973名英国生物库参与者 (年龄在46-83岁) 之间,对脑体积的横截面年龄趋势进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 齐曼/莫塞顿雄性在脑脊和脑后脑部区域出现轻微的与年龄相关的增加.
- 英国生物库雄性在额头和部区域的与年龄相关的体积下降较为急剧,相比于Tsimane/Moseten雄性.
- 与英国生物库女性相比,Tsimane/Moseten女性的脑容量随着年龄的增长而下降得更快,特别是在皮质区域.
结论:
- 与年龄相关的大脑体积变化因生活方式和性别而异.
- 在一些Tsimane/Moseten男性中观察到的缺乏大脑体积减少表明,身体活动和非工业化的生活方式可能会减轻大脑缩.
- 生活方式因素,特别是体力活动,在老化过程中对保持大脑结构起着至关重要的作用.
相关概念视频
01:30Biological Influences on Intelligence
95
Intelligence is often thought to be linked to brain size, but the relationship is more complex than that. While brain size does correlate modestly with some abilities, like verbal skills, the connection is weaker for others, such as spatial reasoning. Other factors, like brain structure, also play crucial roles. For instance, despite Einstein's smaller-than-average brain, his parietal cortex, which is involved in spatial reasoning, was 15% wider, suggesting that neural density might matter...
95
01:20Anatomy of the Brain: Major Regions
4.4K
The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. It consists of four main parts: the cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brainstem.
The cerebrum is the largest section of the brain and divides into left and right hemispheres, separated by a deep fissure. The cerebral outer layer of grey matter — the cerebral cortex — comprises elevations called gyri and shallow groves called sulci. The inner portion of white matter includes long nerve fibers known as axons, which connect...
The cerebrum is the largest section of the brain and divides into left and right hemispheres, separated by a deep fissure. The cerebral outer layer of grey matter — the cerebral cortex — comprises elevations called gyri and shallow groves called sulci. The inner portion of white matter includes long nerve fibers known as axons, which connect...
4.4K