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Thomas Hagan¹, Guiling Ding^2,3, Gabriele Buchmann²

¹Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution Lab, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. thmh6@umsl.edu.

Nature communications

|April 29, 2024

概括

创始人效应减少了入侵物种的遗传多样性,减缓了它们的传播. 亚洲蜜蜂 (Apis cerana) 范围边缘显示较低的多样性和繁殖活力,证实遗传负荷影响扩张率.

科学领域:

生态学和进化生物学.
人口遗传学人口遗传学
侵入性物种研究侵入性物种研究

背景情况:

侵入性种群经常表现出创始人效应,导致基因多样性相比源种群减少.
理论模型表明,在扩展范围边缘的二次创始人效应可以进一步减少遗传多样性和增加遗传负载,可能会影响扩张率.

研究的目的:

调查创始人效应和遗传负载对入侵亚洲蜜蜂 (Apis cerana) 种群扩张速度的影响.
为了确定基因多样性是否在侵袭性Apis cerana种群的范围边缘最低.
评估Apis cerana殖民地补充性决定器 (csd) 位点的遗传多样性和繁殖活力之间的关系.

主要方法:

在它们的侵入性范围中对Apis cerana种群进行实证采样,以评估遗传多样性.
在补充性决定器 (csd) 位点进行遗传多样性的分析,这是已知的同卵性致死基因.
在位于范围中心与范围边缘的殖民地中测量繁殖活力.
计算机模拟模拟了一个新成立的蜜蜂种群的扩张,以证实经验发现.

主要成果:

侵入性Apis cerana种群的遗传多样性在范围边缘是最低的.
补充性决定因子 (csd) 位点在范围边缘显示多样性减少.
与范围中心的殖民地相比,在范围边缘的殖民地表现出明显较低的繁殖活力.
模拟证实,在范围边缘的遗传负荷减缓了人口扩张率.

结论:

减少的遗传多样性和增加的遗传负载在入侵的Apis cerana种群的前进范围边缘,对殖民地健康产生负面影响.
这些发现支持了遗传负载可以阻碍入侵物种人口扩张的速度的理论.
这项研究强调了在理解和预测入侵物种动态时考虑遗传因素的重要性.

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