基于人工智能的健康应用程序的健康风险
Julian De Freitas1, I Glenn Cohen2,3
1Harvard Business School, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature medicine
|April 29, 2024
概括
人工智能健康聊天机器人处于监管灰色地带,随着用户分享心理健康问题并寻求危机支持,这会带来风险. 目前的法规不足以应对这些人工智能工具的潜在危害.
科学领域:
- 数字健康数字健康
- 心理健康保健技术 技术
- 监管科学 监管科学
背景情况:
- 支持人工智能 (AI) 的聊天机器人越来越多地被整合到心理健康应用中.
- 目前的"健康"应用程序,特别是那些以人工智能为动力的生成应用程序,在监管灰色区域内运行,经常避免卫生监管机构的审查.
- 用户越来越多地利用这些应用程序进行敏感的心理健康披露和危机支持.
研究的目的:
- 检查围绕人工智能健康应用程序的监管环境.
- 为了确定与这些应用程序的使用相关的潜在健康风险.
- 讨论对应用程序开发人员和监管机构的影响.
主要方法:
- 透视性文章分析了人工智能健康应用程序及其监管的当前状态.
- 讨论用户交互模式和潜在的不良结果.
- 审查美国现有的监管框架及其局限性.
主要成果:
- 人工智能健康应用程序存在风险,因为用户分享心理健康问题并寻求危机支持.
- 应用程序的响应有时会加剧用户的伤害,这一挑战在当前的美国法规中没有得到充分的解决.
- 健康应用程序和医疗领域之间的界限正在模糊,造成监管挑战.
结论:
- 迫切需要解决人工智能支持的心理健康应用程序的监管缺口.
- 确保用户安全需要重新评估这些技术的监管方式,特别是当它们接近医疗领域时.
- 制定明确的指导方针和监管优先事项对于人工智能心理健康工具的负责任创新至关重要.
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