稀土元素 (REE) 和放射性核酸在一个采矿项目附近的变化亚北极 (加拿大努纳维克) 表面水域的驱动因素
H Marginson1, G A MacMillan1, M Wauthy1
1GRIL, Département de sciences biologiques, Complexe des Sciences, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Journal of hazardous materials
|April 30, 2024
概括
随着气温的上升,亚北极水域的稀土元素 (REE) 度显著下降,影响矿区附近的水生系统. 气候变化对REE地球化学的影响需要进一步研究.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 北极研究 北极研究
背景情况:
- 稀土元素 (REE) 的采矿项目引发了有关水污染的环境问题.
- 北方地区面临着独特的挑战,因为研究有限,气候变化迅速.
- 人类产生的REEs和共存的放射性核素 (,) 在水生系统中被怀疑存在.
研究的目的:
- 调查加拿大亚北极地区表面水域的REE驱动因素.
- 了解气候变化对水生环境中 REE 行为的影响.
- 评估REE,水化学和潜在的REE矿山附近的温度之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 从2017年到2023年,对地表水 (河流,湖泊) 进行现场采样.
- 对溶解的REEs (<0.45μm) 和相关的水化学参数 (Al,Fe,Th,U,Cl-,DOC) 的分析.
- 光学分析和对氧化还原敏感异常的调查 (Ce/Ce*).
主要成果:
- 溶解的REEs与Al,Fe,Th,U,Cl-以及溶解的有机碳 (DOC) 有正相关.
- 在REE度和水温 (2-20°C) 之间观察到显著的反向关系.
- 富含的DOC被确定为REEs的关键动员剂,可能与Al,Fe和Th一起携带.
结论:
- 北方地表水温升和植被变化可能会改变REE的地化学.
- 气候变化对REE的物种化和运输产生了复杂的影响.
- 了解这些动态对于在REE采矿操作附近的环境管理至关重要.
相关概念视频
03:20Nuclear Transmutation
12.9K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
12.9K
01:25Microbial Bioremediation of Uranium
114
Microorganisms play a critical role in the transformation and immobilization of uranium in contaminated environments through four main pathways: bioreduction, biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biomineralization. These mechanisms reduce uranium’s toxicity and prevent its migration through groundwater systems, offering sustainable approaches for in situ bioremediation.Bioreduction of UraniumBioreduction is driven by anaerobic bacteria such as certain strains of Geobacter and Shewanella,...
114
01:27Microbial Leaching
238
Microbial leaching, also known as bioleaching, is an environmentally favorable method for extracting metals from low-grade ores using specific microorganisms. This biotechnological approach is particularly valuable for mining operations targeting copper, gold, and uranium, where traditional extraction methods may be economically or environmentally impractical.Copper Leaching and Microbial CatalysisIn copper bioleaching, crushed ore is arranged into heaps and irrigated with a dilute sulfuric...
238
01:19Acid Mine Drainage
123
Mining activities that disturb sulfide-rich rocks, particularly those containing pyrite (FeS₂), initiate a cascade of geochemical and microbiological processes with serious environmental implications. When exposed to air and water, pyrite undergoes oxidation, releasing sulfate, ultimately forming sulfuric acid and mobilizing heavy metals into surrounding water systems. This phenomenon, known as acid mine drainage (AMD), results in low pH waters laden with toxic elements that threaten...
123