在经过13年的有机和化肥施肥后,土壤质量和生态系统的多功能性
Chunli Wang1, Yuqing Ma2, Wenhai He2
1College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
The Science of the total environment
|April 30, 2024
概括
使用的玉米衍生有机肥料,特别是堆肥和草,可以提高土壤质量指数和生态系统的多功能性. 这一战略提高了土壤的特性和酶活动,以改善农业系统.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 有机和矿物肥对作物生产率有影响,但它们对土壤质量和生态系统多功能性的综合影响尚不清楚.
- 土壤质量指数 (SQI) 和生态系统多功能性 (EMF) 对可持续农业和生态系统服务至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究五种含有或不含的玉米衍生有机肥对土壤质量和多功能性的长期影响.
- 评估有机肥料对表土物理化学性质和酶活性的影响.
主要方法:
- 在北中国平原进行了为期13年的实地试验,使用了五种有机肥料 (草,,堆肥,沼气残留物,生物炭) 以一致的碳输入率.
- 对地表 (0-15厘米) 属性的分析,包括与碳,和循环相关的物理,化学和酶活性.
- 使用统计方法评估土壤质量指数 (SQI) 和生态系统多功能性 (EMF),包括随机森林分析.
主要成果:
- 有机肥料,有或没有,通过改善土壤物理和化学特性和酶活动,显著增加了SQI (51-187%) 和EMF (31-351%).
- 与未施肥土壤相比,的应用进一步增强了EMF,堆肥和草显示出显著的好处.
- 微生物生物质C和N,可用的P和总稳定性是土壤EMF的关键驱动因素.
结论:
- 来自玉米的有机肥料,特别是堆肥和草,结合最佳的化肥,是提高土壤质量和生态系统多功能性的有效策略.
- 这种方法提供了一种可持续的途径,可以改善小麦/玉米作物系统中的土壤健康和功能.
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