乳制品生产系统的类型如何从环境和经济的角度影响营养平衡
Julio Cesar Pascale Palhares1, Sofia Helena Zanella Carra2, Leandro Ebert3
1Embrapa Southeast Livestock, Rod. Washington Luiz km 234, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
The Science of the total environment
|April 30, 2024
概括
乳制品农场的营养流量因系统而异,封闭式农场显示出和的余量最高. 这种剩余可以取代肥料,但有限的系统超过了作物需求.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 动物科学动物科学
背景情况:
- 优化奶牛农场的营养流动对于高效的牛奶生产至关重要.
- 了解不同奶牛场系统中和平衡的变化是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 分析和比较和平衡以及封闭式,半封闭式和牧场式奶牛场系统的效率指标.
- 确定影响乳业营养余的关键因素.
主要方法:
- 在巴西里约格兰德杜苏尔州对67家乳制品农场进行了研究,将它们分为封闭式,半封闭式和基于牧场的系统.
- 在农场系统层面计算和的年度输出输入营养平衡.
- 评估了营养余的货币价值及其作为肥料替代品的潜力.
主要成果:
- 封闭式系统呈现出最高的 (786公斤/公/年) 和 (70公斤/公/年) 过剩,具有重大货币影响.
- 料是所有农场类型中和输入的主要来源.
- 营养物质过剩,特别是,显示出在牧场和半封闭系统中取代化学肥料的潜力.
结论:
- 奶牛养殖系统之间和内部的营养余存在显著的变化,受牛数量和农场面积等因素的影响.
- 奶牛场营养管理策略需要考虑系统特定的条件,以获得最佳的环境和经济结果.
- 虽然剩余的营养提供了替代肥料的潜力,但由于超过作物需求,受限系统可能需要替代管理.
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