在修改后的道德图灵测试中对人工代理的归因.
Eyal Aharoni1,2,3, Sharlene Fernandes4, Daniel J Brady4
1Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA. eaharoni@gsu.edu.
Scientific reports
|April 30, 2024
概括
人们认为人工智能的道德推理优于人类,但仍然可以将人工智能与人类的评估区分开来. 这引发了人们对不批判地接受人工智能道德指导而没有保障的担忧.
科学领域:
- 人工智能伦理学 人工智能伦理学
- 人与计算机的交互
- 道德心理学道德心理学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 的快速发展需要了解公众对AI道德推理能力的看法.
- 现有的研究缺乏关于个人如何将人工智能产生的道德评价与人类的道德评价区分开来的全面研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查人们是否认为人工智能道德评价与人类道德评价类似.
- 评估个人区分人类和人工智能道德推理的能力.
- 探索AI感知到的道德优越性对用户信任和接受的影响.
主要方法:
- 他们使用了一种修改后的道德图灵测试 (m-MTT),涉及299名美国成年人.
- 参与者对来自人类和GPT-4的道德评价的质量进行了评价,而对源头的看法却是盲目的.
- 然后,参与者试图确定每个道德评估的来源 (人类或人工智能).
主要成果:
- 参与者认为人工智能 (GPT-4) 的道德推理在多个维度 (美德,智力,可信度) 中优于人类推理.
- 尽管AI的推理评级更高,但参与者可以显著区分人工智能产生的评价与机会水平以上的人类评价.
- 人工智能没有通过识别测试,可能是由于其感知到的优越性而不是劣质推理.
结论:
- 人工智能语言模型可以产生被认为比人类更优越的道德评估.
- 这种感知到的优越性引发了人们对潜在的不批判地接受AI道德指导的担忧.
- 在道德上下文中,对生成语言模型的保护措施的制定是非常必要的.
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