在接种疫苗的儿童中,与对症状性SARS-CoV-2的保护相关联
Youjia Zhong1,2,3, Alicia Y H Kang4, Carina J X Tay4
1Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore. youjiazhong@nus.edu.sg.
Nature medicine
|April 30, 2024
概括
用BNT162b2接种疫苗的儿童表现出强大的免疫反应,记忆B细胞和T细胞提供了对症状COVID-19的持续保护,即使抗体水平下降. 强剂量并没有在健康儿童中增强这些细胞反应.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
背景情况:
- 关于儿童对COVID-19疫苗的长期免疫反应的数据有限.
- 了解保护的相关性对于基于证据的儿童疫苗接种政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估在5至12岁儿童接种BNT162b2疫苗后,疫苗诱导的免疫反应的寿命.
- 在这个年龄组中识别针对症状性SARS-CoV-2感染的保护预测因素.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究,涉及用BNT162b2.2.接种疫苗的5-12岁健康儿童.
- 一年内连续测量结合和中和抗体标位,记忆B细胞 (MBCs) 和T细胞反应.
- 免疫反应与疫苗接种状态,混合免疫力和对症状感染的保护有关的分析.
主要成果:
- 两剂BNT162b2在儿童中诱导了显著的抗体,MBC和T细胞反应,超过了在接种疫苗后6个月的成人反应.
- 强剂量增加了抗体标位,但没有显著影响MBC或T细胞反应.
- 在混合免疫之前,T细胞反应是预防症状感染的主要预测因素;在建立混合免疫后,中和抗体变得很重要.
- 稳定的MBC和T细胞反应表明持久的保护,即使抗体标位下降.
结论:
- 接种BNT162b2疫苗会在儿童中产生持久的细胞免疫记忆.
- 对症状性COVID-19的持续保护可能是由记忆B细胞和T细胞介导的,独立于暂时抗体水平.
- 补充疫苗在健康的接种疫苗的儿童中为细胞免疫提供了有限的额外免疫益处.
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