致命管理对灰狼群持续性和繁殖的影响 美国威斯康星州的灰狼群持续性和繁殖
Alejandra Zubiria Perez1, Kenneth F Kellner2, David M MacFarland3
1Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, 480 Wilson Road, 17 NR, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA. aleja.zubiria@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|April 30, 2024
概括
威斯康星州灰狼群的持续性仍然很高,尽管人为死亡率很高. 包装大小对持久性和繁殖有积极的影响,而收获数量并没有显著影响这些因素.
科学领域:
- 野生动物生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 哺乳动物学 哺乳动物学
背景情况:
- 人类直接造成的死亡率对大型哺乳动物种群产生重大影响,特别是灰狼 (Canis lupus) 等社会物种.
- 狼的死亡率可以破坏群体结构,导致解体,并减少幼犬的招募,特别是当繁殖成年人受到影响时.
研究的目的:
- 估计2011-2019年威斯康星州灰狼群持续存在的概率.
- 评估狼群大小,合法捕捞和代理移除对狼群持久性和繁殖的影响.
主要方法:
- 狼群持续存在的最低和最大概率估计使用194个监测狼群的数据.
- 通过估计幼对吠叫调查的反应来评估其生殖能力,作为一个指数.
- 分析了包装大小,合法收获和代理人移除在特定时期对持久性和繁殖的影响.
主要成果:
- 年度最大包装持久性概率很高 (0.95-1.00),最小概率在0.86-0.98.8之间.
- 包装大小与包装持久性和繁殖性正相关.
- 无论是狼死亡的总数还是被移除的成年雄性和雌性的数量都没有显著地影响的持续性或繁殖.
结论:
- 每只狼群的低死亡率,采摘和代理移除的战略时间以及特定的收获特征支持了威斯康星州灰狼群的稳定持久性和繁殖.
- 研究结果表明,当前的管理策略,考虑到群体规模和死亡率水平,在维持狼群方面是有效的.
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